Stats + Quotes for Exam 2

Question 1

1. REEF - Climate change, sea surface temperature

Answer 1

“The average sea surface temperature in the GBR has risen substantially over the past century” - GBRMPA, 2017

Question 2

1. REEF - value

Answer 2

“The GBR has an economic [and] social … Asset value of $56 billion” - Deloitte Access Economics, 2017

Question 3

1. REEF - climate change, coral loss

Answer 3

“The GBR has lost almost half its coral cover since 1985” - Queensland Government, 2017

Question 4

1. REEF - climate change, relationship betw. biophysical components

Answer 4

“loss of large areas of coral… In 2016 and 2017 has affected… Symbiosis, particle feeding, primary production, … and reef building” - GBRMPA Outlook report, 2021

Question 5

3. MEGACITIES - Lagos, population growth (not percentage)

Answer 5

By 2050, Lagos’ population is expected to double, making it the 3rd largest city in the world (worldpopulationreview.org, 2022)

Question 6

3. MEGACITIES - Lagos, slum population

Answer 6

~66% of residents live in slums (worldpopulationreview.org, 2022)

Question 7

3. MEGACITIES - Lagos, current population

Answer 7

15.4 million (2022) (worldpopulationreview.org, 2022)

Question 8

3. MEGACITIES - where will most population growth occur in the future?

Answer 8

“By 2030, 90% of population growth will occur in Asia and Africa” - UN 2019

Question 9

3. MEGACITIES - currently found…

Answer 9

2/3 of all megacities are currently found in Asia. Some in Latin America and Africa

Question 10

2. WORLD CITIES - Alpha++ cities

Answer 10

New York, London (Globalisation and World Cities Research Network)

Question 11

2. WORLD CITIES - London population

Answer 11

~9 million (House of Commons Library, 2022)

Question 12

2. WORLD CITIES - London foreign-born population

Answer 12

37% (House of Commons Library, 2022). Mainly skilled migrants.

Question 13

2. WORLD CITIES - London financial authority –> service exports worth how much?

Answer 13

Service exports worth >150 billion pounds (Informi.co.uk 2019)

Question 14

2. WORLD CITIES - London, largest workforce sector

Answer 14

Professional, scientific, and technical sector accounts for the largest number of jobs, at 14% (BoardEx, 2019)

Question 15

2. WORLD CITIES - latitude of most world cities between

Answer 15

Most dominant world cities lie between 35 - 50 degrees North of the equator

Question 16

2. WORLD CITIES - what is the world city hierarchy? Plus example for each (not alpha ++ etc)

Answer 16

Dominant - London
Major - Singapore
Secondary - Sydney

Question 17

2. WORLD CITIES - London, scale of economy in contrast to other European countries

Answer 17

Bigger than Sweden or Austria

Question 18

2. WORLD CITIES - London, GDP

Answer 18

€550b (BoardEx, 2018)

Question 19

1. REEF - GBR, how large?

Answer 19

~350 000 sq km (approx. same size as Japan)

Question 20

1. REEF - GBR, how many individual reefs?

Answer 20

> 3000

Question 21

1. REEF - GBR, how many marine species (not including microbes + plankton)?

Answer 21

> 9000 (GBRMPA)

Question 22

REEF - GBR, in 2017’s Cyclone Debbie caused what percent of coral to be destroyed on some Whitsunday Reefs?

Answer 22

> 95% (Australian Institute of Marine Science

Question 23

REEF - GBR, cyclones responsible for how much coral loss?

Answer 23

48% (Australian Institute of Marine Science, 1985-2012)

Question 24

3. MEGA CITIES - Lagos, sachet water

Answer 24

22% of all samples tested by Food and Drug Administration were non-compliant (FADA Nigeria, 2009)