Statistics Review Questions Flashcards
Null hypothesis
Random cause explanation
P-value
The probability that a statistical measure could be equal or more extreme than observed results when the null hypothesis is true
Priori
Before we make an observation(prior)
Statistically significant
When the p-value is less than the cutoff
Non significant
When the p-values is greater than the cutoff
Continuous variable
Quantized, has decimals (4.2)
Discrete quantitive variable
Quantized, no decimals (3 people)
Discrete categorical variable
Cannot be quantized (head or tails)
Permutations
A statistical procedure which outlines how p-values can be determined
When, if ever, is it appropriate to reject the null?
In favor of an alternative explanation if the probability of getting our observed results in very low when the null hypothesis is true
When, If ever, is it appropriate to accept the null?
It is never appropriate to accept the null
Does the P-value need to be less than, equal to, or greater than the cutoff value for results to be statistically significant
The p- value needs to be less than the cutoff value for it to be statistically significant
If a result is non significant, what does that mean about the p- value relative to the cutoff value
The p- value was greater than the cutoff value
