Statistics Review

Question 1

What is the equation for number needed to treat?

Answer 1

1/absolute risk reduction

Question 2

Type II error

Answer 2

• statistically significant difference exists but is not detected

Question 3

Type I error

Answer 3

• no statistical difference exists, but the researcher claims that it does

Question 4

what is the reason to have an MD on a QI project?

Answer 4

• helps improve patient outcomes

Question 5

you want to compare rate of lung cancer in smokers vs non-smokers…what statistical test do you use?

Answer 5

Chi-Square test

Question 6

you want to see if having high-socioeconomic standing vs low-socioeconomic standing affects weight loss after bariatric surgery…what statistical test do you use?

Answer 6

Un-paired T test

the variables are independent of each other (having money vs not having money)

Question 7

you want to compare weight loss before bariatric surgery and after bariatric surgery…what statistical test do you use?

Answer 7

Paired T-test the variables are linked by the surgery

Question 8

what is parametric data?

Answer 8

• data that has a normal distribution

Question 9

what is nonparametric data

Answer 9

• data that has either a negative or positive skew

Question 10

easy way to know if there is a negative skew to data

Answer 10

• tail is pointing to 0

Question 11

what is categorical/nominal data

Answer 11

• data that is measure in whole numbers i.e. integers

Question 12

what is continuous data

Answer 12

data that incorporates decimals places / time to event

Question 13

what is paired data in medical sciences

Answer 13

• data that comes from the same patient at different time points

Question 14

what is unpaired data in medical scientific inquiry

Answer 14

data that comes from two separate patients

Question 15

lowest quality of evidence

Answer 15

expert opinion