Statistics

Question 1

another name for the Mann-Whitney test

Answer 1

Wilcoxon rank-sum test

Question 2

Another name for the Wilcoxon rank-sum test

Answer 2

Mann-Whitney test

Question 3

What test would you use for continuous data in a bimodal distribution

Answer 3

Mann-Whitney test

Question 4

what type of study should first be used to identify possible causal relationships

Answer 4

retrospective case-control studies

Question 5

what statistical test would you perform to compare multiple variables that have continuous data?

Answer 5

linear regression model

Question 6

Type I error

Answer 6

Rejection of null hypothesis when it is true

i.e. finding a difference, when there isn’t one

Question 7

what is confounding in statistics?

Answer 7

factor that influences both the dependent and independent variables

Question 8

what is a medical sentinel event

Answer 8

a patient safety event that reaches the patient causing death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm

Question 9

what is an ordinal value

Answer 9

variable where order matters, but the difference between values does not

e.g. pain scale from 1-10

Question 10

what kind of data is analyzed in a chi-squared test

Answer 10

categorical data (i.e. not continuous data)

Question 11

lead-time bias

Answer 11

the earlier we diagnose a disease, the longer patients will appear to survive, when in fact we just started counting earlier.

Question 12

length-time bias

Answer 12

Patients with slowly progressing disease are more likely to be detected through screening.

Question 13

Describe a case control study

Answer 13

Compares frequency of exposures between patients who have and have not experienced an outcome of interest

Question 14

What do you use a cohort study for?

Answer 14

compare similar populations between those exposed and those not exposed

Question 15

What do you quantify in a cohort study

Answer 15

Relative risk