States Of Matter - John England Flashcards
Solid
Definite shape and volume.
Liquid
No definite shape, but definite volume.
Gas
No definite shape or volume.
Plasma
State of matter that starts as a gas and then becomes ionized. Most common state of matter.
Energy
The capacity to do work.
Thermal energy
The total kinetic energy of the particles that make up an object.
Evaporation
When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
Sublimation
Direct change of a solid to a gas.
Condensation
When a gas changes into a liquid.
Crystalline Solid
Have an orderly arrangement of atoms or molecules.
Amorphous Solid
Made of atoms or molecules that are in no particular order.
Surface Tension
The force acting on the particles at the surface of a liquid that cases spherical drops to form.
Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion.
Heat
Causes the temperature of a substance to change.
Endothermic Change
Change that requires energy.
Exothermic Change
Energy is released from the substance as it changes.
Fluid
Has the ability to flow.
Buoyant Force
The upward force that liquids exert on matter.
Pressure
The amount of force exerted on a given area.
Archimedes’ Principle
States that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces.
Pascal
The SI unit for pressure.
Pascal’s Principle
States that a change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid will be transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid.
Viscosity
A liquid’s resistance to flow.
Boyle’s Law
States that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas increases as its pressure decreases.
Charles’s Law
States that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure the volume of the gas increases as its temperature increases.
Gay-Lussac’s Law
States that the pressure of a gas increases as the temperature increases if the volume of the gas does not change.
