States of matter and the kinetic molecular theory.

Question 1

What is the definition of:

Solid? Liquid? Gas?

Answer 1

Solid: Definite shape and volume, has mass and takes up space.
Liquid: Take up the shape of the container, definite volume has mass and takes up space.
Gas: Fill the entire space, no definite volume has mass and takes up space.

Question 2

What is the difference between:

Particles within a solid , Particles within a liquid , Particles within a gas.

Answer 2

In a solid: Tightly packed, small spaces between atoms, vibrate, very little kinetic energy.
In a liquid: Loosly packed, particles flow around each other, more kinetic energy than solids less than liquids.
In a gas: High kinetic energy, move freely.

Question 3

When a solid changes to a liquid, are there the same amount of atoms present?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Label the phase transitions. 
s to l ?
l to g ?
g to s ?
s to g ?
g to l ?
l to s ?

Answer 4

Solid to Liquid is Melting.
Liquid to Gas is Boiling.
Gas to Solid is Deposition.
Solid to Gas is Sublimation.
Gas to Liquid is Condensation.
Liquid to Solid is Freezing.

Question 5

What happens during a phase change?

Answer 5

Average kinetic energy (heat) stays the same. The particles come closer together. Because the particles are coming closer together the strength of the intermolecular forces increase.

Question 6

T/F: The correct term for heat is heat transfer.
Internal energy goes from … body to … body.
Internal energy = … + … of the particles.

Answer 6

TRUE
Internal energy goes from hotter to colder.
= Kinetic energy + potential energy of the particles.

Question 7

What is latent heat?

Answer 7

Name given to the amount of energy (heat) needed to change the phase of one kilogram of a substance.
Measured in Joules per kilogram.

Question 8

What are three assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 8

All matter is made up of particles in constant motion, there are spaces in-between the matter and there are forces in-between particles.

Question 9

A change in the state of a pure substance is always accompanied by … ?

Answer 9

A constant temperature.

Question 10

A graph showing the cooling curve goes from … to …

A graph showing the heating curve goes from … to …

Answer 10

Cooling curve goes from Max temp top left to Min temp bottom right.

Heating curve goes from Min temp bottom left to Max temp top right.