STATES OF MATTER Flashcards
What is a real gas?
The gas that doesnt obey all gas laws.
1) Molecules are far apart from each other and are in constant random motion
2) they can be compressed
3) Occupy volume of container
4) Volume of Gaseous particle is not negligible to volume of gas
5) They have negligibly intermolecular forces of attraction
6) Inelastic Collisions
7) fixed mass
volume of gas = volume of gaseous particles + volume of empty container
What is Boyles Law?
Boyles law states that the volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas. considering that everything else such as temperature is constant.
p1v1=p2v2
What is Charles Law?
Charles law state that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature. Considering all other things are constant.
V1/T1= V2/T2
What equation do we form if combining boyles and charles law?
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
What is Avogadros Law?
It states that the moles of gas is directly proportional to the Volume of the gas.
V1/n1= V2/n2
What are the generic conversions of Pressure,volume,temp
1atm= 1.05x10^5 Pa K= C+273 1m^3= 1000dm^3= 1x10^6cm^3
What is the equation formed by combining all gas laws?
PV=nRT r=8.31 P= in Pa T= Kelvin V= m^3
What is Ideal Gas?
The gas that obeys all gas laws
What are ideal gas laws.
1) has no intermolecular force
2) volume of gaseous particles is negligible to volume of gas
3) Perfectly elastic collisions
4) perfectly sphere gases and far apart
5) all particles are in a random motion
How to convert Real gas into Ideal gas?
1) High temperature ( reduce intermolecular forces)
2) low pressure ( because particles are not widespread and thus volume of gaseous particles is smallest at low pressure. volume of gaseous particles is negligible to volume of gas at low temp )
Which kind of bond is closest to ideal?
1) Vanderwalls (weakest intermolecular forces)
2) dipole dipole
3) hydrogen bonds
Why are noble gases more ideal?
Because they have the smallest atoms and thus they have the least intermolecular forces because they are very small and far away from each others attraction. Also since the atoms are smaller the volume of gaseous particles are negligible to volume of gas,
Why does hydrogen not act as an ideal gas in comparison to helium even though its atom is smaller in size?
Hydrogen always has H2 molecules and helium is single atom. Thus hydrogen gaseous particles are not negligible to volume of gas ( relatively to helium)
What is melting point?
When solid turns to liquid at a certain temperature.
how does impurity affect melting point?
1) impurity results in decrease in MP and substance melts over a range of temperatures
2) More the impurity, lower the melting point
3) Only that impurity affects melting point that dissolves.
