Ionic Bonding (Chemical bonding) Flashcards
What is ionic bonding? and what happens to the metal and non metal
It is an electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged after a chemical reaction has occurred. An ionic bond is sometimes called an electrovalent bond as well.
The metal is oxidized (reducing agent) and the non metal reduced ( oxidizing agent)
What is the structure of an ionic compound?
An ionic compound is a giant structure of ions. The ions have a regular, repeating arrangement called an ionic lattice . The lattice is formed because the ions attract each other and form a regular pattern with oppositely charged ions next to each other.
What is ionic bonds formed between?
It is formed between a metal and nonmetal but not between every non metal and metal.
How is the strength of an ionic bond determined?
1) Greater the charge of the ion greater the strength
2) Smaller the size of the atom greater the strength ( nucleus positive charge is strongest due to smaller radius )
what happens to strength of ionic bond down the group of an anion/cation? and how does that affect melting and boiling points
The ionic bond strength decreases as the size of the increases due to increased numbers of shells and the charge remains the same ( charge density decreases small charge in large volume)
The melting and boiling points decrease down the group as the ionic bond strength decreases and we need to provide the molecules with lower energy for them to seperate.
What happens to the ionic bond strength of cations across a period?
Cations size decreases across the period hence the ionic bond strength increase hence melting and boiling points increase.
Is MgO melting point higher than Al2O3??
yes because its an anomaly even thought Al2O3 should have a higher melting point because Al is rightwards to Mg and hence the cation is smaller and ionic bond strength stronger but its an anomaly
What are the basic properties of ionic compounds ?
1) solid at RTP
2) Conductors is molten and aqueous state, do not conduct electricity in solid state, In molten and aqueous they have free/ delocalized electrons. In solid state their ions are fixed.
3) They are giant and continuous structures, giant crystal lattice structure
4) Have high melting point ( strong ionic bonds)
5)
Explain in terms of structure and bonding why MgO has a high melting point?
Giant structure continuous lattice (1)
Strong ionic bonds require high energy to break (1)
What is face centered cubic lattice structure and which compounds have it ?
It is when one ion in an ionic compound has six surrounding ions of the different element.
MgO and NaCl have face centered ionic lattice
Why do MgO and NaCal have face centered cubic lattice structure?
They have the same ratio of ionic radi, it is similar
CaF2 does not have same ionic structure is like NaCl explain why?
The ratio of their ionic radi is not same NaCl has a different ratio of ionic radi and CaF2 different
