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Chemistry > States of Matter > Flashcards

States of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an atom

A

Smallest part of element that can exist

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2
Q

What is a molecule

A

A particle
Two or more atoms
Chemically bonded

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3
Q

Describe the states of matter in terms of arrangement, movement and energy of particles
Solid

A

Solid:
Arrangement: Close together
Regularly packed
Movement: Vibrate around fixed point
Energy: Less kinetic energy than Ls and Gs

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4
Q

Describe the states of matter in terms of arrangement, movement and energy of particles
Liquid

A

Liquid:
A: Close together
Irregular
M: Free to move
E: Less than Gs
More than Ss

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5
Q

Describe the states of matter in terms of arrangement, movement and energy of particles
Gas

A

Gas:
A: Far apart
Weak intermolecular forces
M: Free to move
E: Most kinetic energy

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6
Q

Name the interconversions between states of matter

A

Melting
Freezing
Boiling
Condensing
Sublimation
Desublimation

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7
Q

Describe the changes in arrangement, movement and energy of particles for the interconversions: Melting

A

Melting: Solid heated
More kinetic energy
Vibrate more
Forces of attraction between particles break/weaken

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8
Q

Describe the changes in arrangement, movement and energy of particles for the interconversions: Freezing

A

Freezing: Liquid cooled
Less energy
Greater forces of attraction

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9
Q

Describe the changes in arrangement, movement and energy of particles for the interconversions: Boiling

A

Boiling: Liquid heated
More energy
Fast moving
Forces of attraction broken

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10
Q

Describe the changes in arrangement, movement and energy of particles for the interconversions: Condensing

A

Condensing: Gas cooled
Less energy
Slower moving
Greater forcer of attraction

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11
Q

Describe the changes in arrangement, movement and energy of particles for the interconversions: Sublimation

A

Sublimation: Solid heated
More energy
Fast moving
Weak forces of attraction

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12
Q

Describe how the interconversions are achieved

A

Melting: Solid heated
Freezing: Liquid cooled
Boiling: Liquid heated
Condensing: Gas cooled
Sublimation: Solid heated (straight to gas)

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13
Q

Explain diffusion

A

The random motion of particles
from high conc.
to low conc.

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14
Q

Explain dilution

A

Adding water makes a solution more dilute
(makes weaker by adding water or another solvent)

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15
Q

What is a solvent

A

The liquid in which a substance is dissolved

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16
Q

What is a solute

A

The substance that has been dissolved

17
Q

What is a solution

A

Liquid formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent

18
Q

What is a saturated solution

A

A solution into which no more solute can dissolve

19
Q

What is meant by solubility

A

The maximum mass of a solute that can dissolve in 100g of the solvent
(g/100g)

20
Q

How to plot and interpret a solubility curve

A

Temp vs solubility
read values off graph
(idk how to explain this on a flash card)
Photo of example on Photos

Chemistry (17 decks)

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