States Of Matter

Question 1

What is matter

Answer 1

Anything that has volume and mass

Question 2

What are non matters

Answer 2

Sound and light

Question 3

What are the 3 states of matter

Answer 3

Solid, liquid and gas

Question 4

Four points behind the particulate theory of matter

Answer 4

• All matter is composed of particles
• The particles are in constant motion and temperature affects their speed of motion
• The particles have empty spaces between them.
• The particles have forced of attraction between them

Question 5

What evidence supports the particulate theory of matter

Answer 5

Diffusion and osmosis

Question 6

Define diffusion

Answer 6

Is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration, until the particles are evenly distributed.

Question 7

Define osmosis

Answer 7

The movement of water particles from a dilute to more concentrated solution through a differentially permeable membrane.

Question 8

Define Brownian motion& give an example

Answer 8

The random haphazard movement of air particles. This is observed when other particles collide with air particles.
Eg.Dust in the air or Smoke in the air

Question 9

Diffusion in liquids experiment

Answer 9

Potassium magnate in water.

Question 10

Diffusion in gases experiment

Answer 10

Liquid bromine placed in jar will diffuse in jar.
Cotton ball soaked in ammonia and another cotton ball soaked hydrogen chloride in a cylindrical tube at opposite ends. Ammonium chloride white ring is formed in glass . Since the ammonia gas is less dense it travels faster than the hydrogen chloride therefore the ring is closer to the hydrogen chloride source
NH3 (g) + HCl(g) —> NH4Cl(s)

Question 11

Osmosis experiment

Answer 11

Potato strip in salt solutions

Potato stilt in water

Question 12

Uses of osmosis

Answer 12

Salt is sprinkled on slugs and sails in gardens since their their skins is partially permeable the water leaves their body and they die of dehydration.
Salt and sugar preserves foods as they draw out water and since their is no water for cells to perform chemical reactions which cause decay the food is preserved and water from microorganisms that cause decay is drawn out stopping them

Question 13

What three particles make up matter

Answer 13

Atoms
Molecules and
Ions

Question 14

8 properties of solids :
Speak on the volume, shape, density, compressibility/expansion, arrangement of particles. Forces of attraction, energy possessed and movement

Answer 14

Volume is definite 
Shape is definite(fixed)
Density usually high
Very difficult to expand or compress 
Packed closely together in a regular 
Strong forces of attraction 
Possesses very small amount of kinetic energy 
Vibrate in fixed position

Question 15

How much energy does particles in a liquid possess and Speak on the movement of particles

Answer 15

Liquid particles possess more kinetic energy than particles in a solid and their particles move slowly past each other.

Question 16

How much energy does particles in a gases possess and Speak on the movement of particles and talk on density

Answer 16

Gases have low density Gases have large amounts of kinetic energy and the particles move freely and rapidly

Question 17

Solid to liquid

Answer 17

Melting by increasing temperature

Question 18

Liquid to gas

Answer 18

Boiling/evaporation by increasing temperature

Question 19

Gas to solid

Answer 19

Deposition/desublimation decreasing temperature

Question 20

Solid to gas

Answer 20

Sublimation increase in temperature

Question 21

Gas to liquid

Answer 21

Condensation decrease in temperature

Question 22

Liquid to Solid

Answer 22

Freezing decrease in temperature

Question 23

Define the term melting point

Answer 23

The temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid

Question 24

Define the term boiling points

Answer 24

The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas

Question 25

Define the term freezing point

Answer 25

The temperature at which a liquid changes state to a solid