Starred Lecture Items L12 Flashcards
what side is listers tubercle on
dorsal
what uses listers tubercle to change directions
EPL
what carpal is above scaphoid
trapezium (bc easy to fracture)
what carpal is above lunate
capitate (cap on the moon)
column of carpals most ulnar
triquetrum, pisiform, hamate
rum pisi ham
three palmar arches
distal transverse
proximal transverse
longitudinal
wrist creases and what do they match up with
proximal, middle, distal
match up with carpals
what joint does thumb abduction
CMC (carpal metacarpal)
extrinsic muscles of the hand originate….
originate proximal to the wrist
generate greater force
intrinsic muscles of the hand are found where
contained entirely withIN the hand
precise control
superficial layer of the flexors
flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
palmaris longus
intermediate layer of flexors
flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
deep layer of flexors
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus
which flexor muscle does not go to the wrist/hand
pronator teres
which nerve enervates flexor carpi radialis
median C6 and C7*
which nerve enervates flexor carpi ulnaris
ulnar nerve (C7 and C8*)
which is not true about FCU/FCR (slide 19)
they are both enervated by the median nerve
FCU/FCR dual actions
both flex the wrists
each try to deviate
FCU/FCR dual attachments
medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)
bases of 2nd and 3rd (FCR) and 5th (FCU) metacarpals
which splits FDS or FDP
FDS: s=splits
does FDS flex DIP joint
no
what joints does FDS flex
PIP MCP
what joints does FDP flex
PIP MCP DIP
what is the only muscle that flexes DIP
FDP
what nerve enervates FDP
2-3 digits: median (AIN) (C8* and T1)
4-5: ulnar (C8 and T1*)
what goes through the split of FDS
FDP: “profundus penetrates”
where does FDP insert after emerging through FDS & what does it do there
on distal phalanx to flex DIP joint
flexor tendon zone TI
flexor tendon zone TII
flexor tendon zone TIII
flexor tendon zone TIV
flexor tendon zone TV
which flexor tendon zone is “no mans zone” and why
zone II because it has the FDS/FDP split so its intricate to fix injuries here
how many annular pulleys on each finger
5
how many cruciate pulleys on each finger
4
annular meaning
cruciate meaning
annular: circular (horizontal)
cruciate: cross (diagonal)
which pulleys are most important and where are they found?
A4 (middle of middle phalanx) and A2 (middle of proximal phalanx)
use them while rock climbing
what keeps FDS in place
vincula brevis and vinculum longus
trigger finger cause and what does it lead to
covering of the tendon is closing in and not allowing it to glide
inflammation of A1 pulley
leads to locking finger in flexed position (stuck not torn)
which pulley causes trigger finger
A1
flexor pollicis longus actions
flexor pollicis longus attachments
pronator quadratus enervated by what nerve
median nerve (AIN) (C8* and T1)
flexor pollicis longus nerve enervation
Median nerve ain c8 t1
what becomes the floor of the snuffbox
radial artery
what are the two walls of the snuffbox
mallet finger deformity
distal phalynx hangs down (cant straighten end of finger out)
ruptured long extensor tendon
boxer fracture what is effected
fracture in the 5th metacarpal neck (pinkie)
where is the neck of the metacarpal
right above the head
gamekeepers thumb/skiers thumb what occurs
UCL on the ulnar side of the thumb is torn
thenar muscles
flexor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
where is the thenar region/ thenar eminence
thumb area/ raised area
what nerve enervates flexor pollicis brevis
superficial head: recurrent branch of median (C8* and T1)
deep head: ulnar (C8 and T1*)
what muscles are enervated by two nerves
FDP
FPB
lumbricals
flexor pollicis brevis FPB actions
flexor pollicis brevis FPB attachments
abductor pollicis brevis attachments
abductor pollicis brevis actions
abductor pollicis brevis nerve enervation
median nerve (C8* T1)
opponens pollicis enervation
Recurrent median nerve (C8* and T1)
opponens pollicis attachments
opponens pollicis actions
opposes thumb (draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm & rotates it medially)
hypothenar region muscles
flexor digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi actions
flexor digiti minimi attachments
flexor digiti minimi enervation
ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)
abductor digiti minimi attachments
which two muscles attach to the pisiform
FCU AbductorDM
abductor digiti minimi actions
opponens digiti minimi attachments
opponens digiti minimi actions
opponens digiti minimi enervation
adductor pollicis enervation
ulnar nerve (C8 and T1*)
impt bc opposite side
adductor pollicis attachments
adductor pollicis actions
if ulnar nerve is cut what is effected
FCU
Half profundus
digiti minimi
Adductor pollicis
??????
short muscles (3)
lumbricals
palmar interossei
dorsal interossei
MCP flexion with PIP/DIP extension meaning
sock puppet hand
lumbricals actions
lumbricals attachments
??????????
lumbricals enervation
what muscle in the hand attaches to tendons
lumbricals
unipennate vs bipennate
and what lumbricals are each
one vs two muscle bellies
1 and 2 are unipennate
3 and 4 are bipennate
palmar interossei acronym
PAD
finger adduction
towards the middle finger
which muscles go to the extensor expansion
dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, lumbricals
dorsal interossei acronym
DAB
finger abduction
what three muscles do sock puppet motion
?????
not dorsal interossei
are dorsal interossei and palmar interossei bipennate or unipenate
dorsal= bi
palmar= uni
???
which muscles go through the carpal tunnel
FDP FDS
contents of carpal tunnel
FDP FDS FCR FPL
median nerve
does the ulnar nerve/artery go through the carpal tunnel
no
what form the walls of the guyons canal
pisiform and hook of hamate
dupuytrens contracture and what is most affected
abnormal thickening of palmar aponeurosis
contracture of ring and pinkie fingers (very hard to move)
contracture vs trigger finger
trigger finger is easier to straighten, contracture is not able to be straightened (stuck like that)
