Starred Lecture Items L11 Flashcards
three reasons you can tell if distal humerus (elbow) bone is posterior
medial sticks out further than the lateral epicondyle
trochlea is distal
head of the radius is lateral
how many carpal bones (1 hand)
8
how many metacarpal bones (1 hand)
5
how many phalanges of long fingers (1 hand)
12
how many phalanges of thumb (1 hand)
2
how many bones total from your watch down
29 bones
bony landmark of distal radius/ ulna
radial styloid and ulnar styloid
where is the head of the ulna
at the wrist
where is the lister’s tubercle found
distal, dorsal radial side
how many carpals in the proximal row
4
how many carpals in the distal row
4
acronym for carpal bones
so long to pinkie here comes the thumb
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium
how do you know if hand is dorsal or ventral based on bone orientation
listers tubercle is only visible on dorsal side, pisiform (sesamoid) bone is partially eclipsed on the dorsal side, (ventral is fully visible)
distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) movement
only pronation and supination
radiocarpal joint movement
wrist flexion, extension, radial deviation, ulnar deviation
which of the following joints when injured will restrict wrist flexion and extension
radiocarpal joint
which arm bone contributes at the wrist
only the radius articulates
why does the ulna not contribute at the wrist
its shorter so it doesnt articulate
which bone is higher in the elbow
olecranon is more proximal/ higher than radial head
which bones are involved in the radiocarpal joint?
radius and scaphoid & lunate
midcarpal joint movements
flexion, extension, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, circumduction
radial collateral ligament is found in…
radial side of elbow and wrist
what ligament takes up the space between the ulna and wrist
triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) disc– cushion between ulna and carpals
metacarpophalangeal joint movement
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
what tendon connects into the pisiform
FCU
laymen’s term for metacarpophalangeal joints
knuckles
where does ab/adduction happen in the fingers
metacarpophalangeal joints
interphalangeal joints movements and types
finger flexion extension
proximal and distal interphalangeal joints (PIP and DIP)
how many IP joints in the thumb
1
carpometacarpal joint/ basilar joint motion
flexion extension abduction adduction of thumb
what carpal bone articulates with the 1st metacarpal
trapezium
peripheral nerve sensory innervations
extrinsic muscles of the arm (where does it start/ end and function)
originates proximal to wrist
generates greater force
intrinsic muscles (where do they start and end and function)
contains entirely within the hand
generates precise control
superficial layer of the extrinsic extensor muscles (5)
ECRL
ECRB
ECU
extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
deep layer of the extrinsic extensor muscles
extensor indicis
supinator
brachioradialis attachments
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
distal lateral radius
outcropping layer of the extrinsic extensor muscles
APL
EPB
EPL
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis action
extend the wrist
radially deviate the wrist
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis attachments
longus: lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus and dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
brevis: lateral epicondyle of humerus and dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal
tennis elbow involves what muscles
superficial extensors ECRL and ECRB
which is acute & which is chronic: lateral epicondylitis vs epicondylosis
epicondylitis= chronic (inflamed, wear & tear)
epicondylosis (acute)
extensor digitorum actions
extends medial 4 digits
extensor digitorum attachments
extensor expansion of medial 4 digits
lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)
extensor digiti minimi actions
extend 5th digit
extensor digiti minimi attachments
lateral epicondyle of humerus
extensor expansion of 5th digit
is there a flexor carpi radialis longus
no
which two muscles attach to base of the 5th metacarpal
FCU and ECU
two main muscles that flex wrist
FCU FCR
two and a half muscles that extend wrist
ECU ECRL ECRB
two muscles that radially deviate
ECRL ECRB FCR
two muscles that ulnar deviate
ECU FCU
which two lift pointer finger
extensor digitorum and extensor indicis
extensor indicis actions
extend 2nd digit
ASSIST with wrist extension
extensor indicis attachments
posterior distal ulna and interosseous
extensor expansion 2nd digit
outcropping muscles
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis longus attachments
posterior proximal ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
base of 1st metacarpal
what radially abducts the thumb
abductor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis longus attachments
posterior proximal ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
base of 1st metacarpal
extensor pollicis brevis and longus attachments
longus: posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
brevis: posterior radius and interosseous membrane
longus: base of distal phalanx of thumb
brevis: base proximal phalanx of thumb
extensor pollicis brevis and longus actions
longus: extend thumb at the IP joint
both: extend thumb at MCP and CMC joints
which muscle extends the distal phalanx of thumb
extensor pollicis longus
what muscles create the anatomical snuffbox
APL
EPB
EPL
dermatomes for the arm
dermatomes for the hand
whats the dermatome and myotome for the thumb
myotome/ thumb extension= C8
skin is enervated by= C6
what keeps tendons in place and separates them into 6 compartments
extensor retinaculum
what are the 6 dorsal wrist compartments
dorsal wrist compartment 1
abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis (APL and EPB)
dorsal wrist compartment 2
extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis (tennis elbow)
dorsal wrist compartment 3
extensor pollicis longus (listers tubercle)
dorsal wrist compartment 4
extensor digitorum and extensor indicis
dorsal wrist compartment 5
extensor digiti minimi
dorsal wrist compartment 6
extensor carpi ulnaris
what compartments is the anatomical snuffbox between
1 and 3
de quervains tenosynovitis what compartment is involved
cumulative trauma/ inflammation of the tendon covering of the 1st dorsal compartment (acute)
“texting thumb”
tenodesis
passive finger flexion created by active wrist extension (wrist extension causes fingers to close)
spinal cord injury: they have C6 but nothing down
smith fracture
volar (palmar) displacement of distal radius
colles’ fracture
dorsal displacement of distal radius
which fracture is more common: smith or colles’
colle’s
listers tubercle is on the….. side
dorsal
which side of the wrist would get a plate after a fracture
volar side because no listers tubercle (its flatter)
what is most commonly fractures in a FOOSH injury
scaphoid
