Starred Lecture Items L10 Flashcards
where do flexors in the forearm come off of
medial epicondyle
where do extenders in the forearm come off of
lateral epicondyle
is lateral or medial epicondyle a bigger bump
medial epicondyle
what are the three fossas in the elbow
radial, coronoid, olecranon fossa
what muscle attaches to radial tuberosity
biceps brachii
is long head of tricepts bi or triarticular
tri
what attaches at the olecranon
triceps
missing degree of freedom for elbow
abduction and adduction
movements of elbow
flexion/extension
pronation/supination
normal carrying angle of the elbow
5-15 degrees (slightly out)
if carrying angle of elbow is >15 degrees when extended
cubitus valgus (makes an L) (deformity)
if carrying angle of elbow is <15 degrees when extended
cubitus varus (no L) (directed toward body instead of away)
carrying angle straightens out when…
pronating
three main ligaments in elbow
radial collateral (RCL)
ulnar collateral (UCL)
anular ligament of radius
what ligament resists elbow adduction and abduction
RCL and UCL
what elbow ligament is circular and what is its function
anular ligament of radius
keeps radial head in place
what three bands make up the UCL
anterior (cord) band
posterior (fan) band
oblique band
what ligament is superior to the anular ligament of the radius
radial collateral ligament
what is a tommy john surgery
surgery correcting a stretched out UCL (due to throwing)
drill holes into arm bones & put string/ synthetic ligament through them
names of “foosh” injuries regarding ulnar/radius
monteggia: ulnar fracture w radial head dislocation
galleazzi: radial fracture with distal radioulnar joint dislocation
how many joint capsules in the elbow
1
what does the brachial artery split into
radial and ulnar artery
parent structure for ulnar artery
brachial a
parent structure for radial artery
brachial a
what enervates muscles that flex elbow
musculocutaneous nerve
what enervates muscles that extend elbow
radial nerve
what bursae is found on the back of the elbow (3)
subtendinous bursa
intratendinous bursa
subcutaneous bursa
what three joints share the elbow joint capsula
humeroulnar joint
humeroradial joint
proximal radioulnar joint
main movement of humeroulnar joint
elbow flexion/extension
main movement of humeroradial joint
elbow flexion/ extension
what two joints make up the “elbow joint”
humeroulnar and humeroradial joints together
main movement of proximal radioulnar joint
pronation/supination of forearm
what kind of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint
synovial pivot joint
borders of the cubital fossa (lateral, medial, superior)
lateral border: brachioradialis
medial border: pronator teres
superior border: line between medial/lateral epicondyles
contents of the cubital fossa & acronym
bicep tendon
brachial artery
median nerve
lateral to medial=TAN
is the radial and ulnar nerve in the triangle of the cubital fossa
no
what vein do they draw blood from
medial cubital vein
what two veins does the median cubital vein join/communicate
basilic/ cephalic veins
what is a myotome
a spinal nerve that enervates a set of muscles
elbow flexion muscles and myotome
biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis (thumb up)
myotome: C6 flexion & C7 extension
brachioradialis attachments
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
distal lateral radius
what nerve enervates the brachioradialis and spinal level
radial nerve (C5, C6, C7)
whats the only muscle that assists with flexing the elbow thats not enervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
brachioradialis
brachioradialis actions
elbow flexion
assists in pronation and supination
anconeus nerve ennervation and spinal level
radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)
anconeus actions
stabilizes elbow joint
may abduct ulna during pronation
ASSISTS in extending forearm barely
anconeus attachments
lateral epicondyle and lateral olecranon
what keeps the ulnar and radius together
interosseous membrane
radioulnar complex (3)
proximal radioulnar joint (PRUJ)
interosseous membrane
distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ)
supinator action (& where)
supinates forearm at proximal radioulnar joint
main supinators
biceps and supinator
supinator attachments
P: lateral epicondyle of humerus
radial collateral and anular ligament, supinator fossa, ulna crest
D: radius (lateral, posterior, anterior surface)
supinator nerve enervation and spinal level
radial nerve (PIN) C7 and C8*
lateral epicondyle– radial nerve
extension
pronator teres action and where
pronate the forearm (radioulnar joint)
pronator teres attachments
medial epicondyle & coronoid process (common flexor tendon)
lateral radius
what nerve enervates pronator teres and spinal level
median nerve C6 and C7*
flexor carpi radialis actions
wrist flexion
radial deviation
what nerve enervates flexor carpi radialis
median nerve C6 and C7*
flexor carpi radialis attachments
medial epicondyle, base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
palmaris longus attachments (not impt)
medial epicondyle (common flexor), palmar aponeurosis
palmaris longus actions (not impt)
tenses palmar aponeurosis
wrist flexion (radiocarpal joint)
palmaris longus nerve enervation (not impt)
median nerve C7 and C8
flexor carpi ulnaris actions
wrist flexion
ulnar deviation
flexor carpi ulnaris attachments (proximal)
humeral head: common flexor tendon/medial epicondyle of humerus
ulnar head: posterior ulna
flexor carpi ulnaris attachments (distal)
pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
flexor carpi ulnaris nerve enervation and spinal level
ulnar nerve C7 and C8*
flexor carpi ulnaris two heads
humeral head and ulnar head
3/4 common flexor tendon muscles are enervated by the median nerve. what’s the only muscle originating at the medial epicondyle that isn’t enervated by the median nerve
flexor carpi ulnaris
enervated by the ulnar nerve
pronator quadratus nerve enervation and spinal level
median nerve C8 and T1
pronator quadratus attachments
distal ulna and distal radius
what are the two pronators of the forearm
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
where is the oblique cord found
below radial notch of ulna to the radial tuberosity
where does the quadrate ligament run
radial neck to radial notch of ulna
what motion does the oblique cord limit
distal (inferior) motion of the radius (pulled elbow)
what are the discs in the wrist
radioulnar joint (articular disc) and triangular disc (cartilage, between lunate, triquetrum, ulna)
does the radial nerve do pronation
no
are the elbow ligaments stronger colaterally or anterior/posterior
colaterally
what muscles make up the superficial layer of the forearm
PT, FCR, PL, FCU
what muscles attach at the common flexor tendon
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor carpi ulnaris.
