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science 8 > Star > Flashcards

Star Flashcards

0
Q

What is a star called and made up of when it first starts

A

A star is called a nebula and is a cloud of dust and gas when it is first starting

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1
Q

What happens when a planet gets closer to the sun or a star

A

The faster it orbits terrestrial planets orbit faster than Jovian planets

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2
Q

What needs to happen in order for a star to be born

A

Nuclear fusion takes place and energy is created

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3
Q

What star is the average star in the center of our solar system

A

The sun is in the middle of our solar system and is an average star

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4
Q

What do stars burn

A

Stars burn converting hydrogen into helium
called nuclear fusion
as a star ages there will be less hydrogen and more helium

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5
Q

What color are the hottest stars and what color are the coldest stars

A

The hottest stars are labeled as blue the coldest stars are labeled as red

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6
Q

What percent of stars are in the main sequence group otherwise known as the average size group

A

90% of stars are in the main sequence group this includes the sun

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7
Q

What happens to giant stars

A

Giant stars become white dwarfs become black dwarf otherwise known as dead stars

this is also the expected pass the sun will take

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8
Q

What happens to a supergiant

A

A supergiant eventually will explode in a supernova event

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9
Q

What is the age of our universe approximately

A

Our universe is 10 to 15,000,000,000 years old

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10
Q

What is the age of our solar system

A

Our solar system is 4.6 billion years old

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11
Q

What galaxy do we live in and what is it shaped like

A

We live in the Milky Way galaxy and it is a spiral shape

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12
Q

What are they universal begin with and what is it called

A

The universe began it was an explosion otherwise known as the big bang THEORY

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13
Q

Because of the Big Bang Theory what is happening and continuing to happen with our universe

A

Our universe has always been increasing in size and is still increasing in size today

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14
Q

What is evidence that our universe is expanding

A

universe is expanding comes from red shift
galaxies exhibit a red shifted wave length
means they are moving away from us

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15
Q

How do you measure the properties of light

A

Spectroscope

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16
Q

Astronomy

A

The study of the universe stars planets and all other objects in space

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17
Q

How did the universe begin

A

Scientists believe the universe began with a big bang hence the big bang Theory

18
Q

The big bang Theory

A

All matter and energy started out in a small area
gigantic explosion Matter began to organize into particle’s and Atoms
atoms became organized into celestial bodies

19
Q

Evidence for the big bang

A

red shift Doppler effect

cosmic background radiation

20
Q

The Doppler effect

A

shifting of wavelengths meaning the Doppler effect

the road to movement between earth and other celestial objects causes the Doppler effect

21
Q

What does the Doppler effect show and tell us

A

something is moving away you have a red shift

something is moving towards you you have a blue shifted wavelengths

22
Q

How do you see the wave links also known as the Doppler effect

A

Scenario one; if earth and a celestial object are coming closer the electromagnetic waves represent a blue shift
Scenario two; if earth and a celestial object are moving farther apart the electromagnetic waves resulting in a red shift

23
Q

Red shift

A

Objects that display red shift are moving away from us red equals away

24
Q

Blue shift

A

Objects moving toward us show a blueshift blue equals towards you

25
Q

What idea do the Doppler effect support

A

the idea that the universe is expanding

light from stars and all galaxies are shifted to the red end of the spectrum

red shift indicates that the universe is expanding in all directions

26
Q

What is a galaxy

A

collection of billions of stars gas and debris held together by gravity

classified according to their shape

27
Q

Spiral

A

IThe shape of our galaxy is spiral galaxies called the Milky Way the Milky Way has over 200 billion stars

28
Q

Milky Way our galaxy

A

It’s called the Milky Way because at night it creates a white streak in the sky that has a milky appearance

29
Q

Stars

A

Large ball of gas held together by gravity
produces great amount of energy and shines starshine
nuclear fusion in its core stars release energy which radiates into outerspace

30
Q

Nuclear fusion

A

The combining of the nuclei of small elements to form nuclei of larger elements with the mass being converted into energy
can only occur in extremely high temperature and pressure conditions

31
Q

What are two characteristics used to classify stars

A

Luminosity and temperature

32
Q

Luminosity

A

The actual brightness of a star

33
Q

Main sequence stars

A

about 90% of stars

Most spend majority of their lifespan as a main sequence star

34
Q

Giant stars

A

Red orange and yellow giant stars rare type of star

commonly seen in the night sky because of their large size
10 times or more the diameter of the sun

35
Q

Supergiants

A

They can be anywhere from 100 to thousand times the diameter of the sun

36
Q

White dwarfs

A

Considered small around the size of Earth

37
Q

What do you all stars originate from

A

Clouds of gas and dust molecules called nebula

gravity causes gas and dust clouds to clump forming larger balls of gas and dust molecules

nuclear fusion begins the ball begins to shine large amounts of electromagnetic energy and a star is born

38
Q

Part of our solar system

A

Most of the mass was in a solar system is located in the sun about 99%

39
Q

Satellites

A

Any object that orbits or revolves around another object the plan is afterwards meteoroids and comets are satellites of the sun and the moon or satellite a planet or astroids

40
Q

astroids

A 
a solid rock 
metallic body 
orbits the sun 
astroids have regular shape 
smaller called minor planets 
astroid belt between Mars and Jupiter
41
Q

Comets

A

composed of solids that easily change to gases when heated
water and methane mixed with rock or metallic solids
Comets get close to the sun some of their ices turn to gas

42
Q

Meteroids

A

when meteoroids burn up or vaporize they leave a brief visual streak
called shooting stars or meteors meteor lands on earth surface it is called a meteorite

43
Q

Meteor

A

Mistakenly called shooting stars

science 8 (10 decks)

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