Star Flashcards
What is a star called and made up of when it first starts
A star is called a nebula and is a cloud of dust and gas when it is first starting
What happens when a planet gets closer to the sun or a star
The faster it orbits terrestrial planets orbit faster than Jovian planets
What needs to happen in order for a star to be born
Nuclear fusion takes place and energy is created
What star is the average star in the center of our solar system
The sun is in the middle of our solar system and is an average star
What do stars burn
Stars burn converting hydrogen into helium
called nuclear fusion
as a star ages there will be less hydrogen and more helium
What color are the hottest stars and what color are the coldest stars
The hottest stars are labeled as blue the coldest stars are labeled as red
What percent of stars are in the main sequence group otherwise known as the average size group
90% of stars are in the main sequence group this includes the sun
What happens to giant stars
Giant stars become white dwarfs become black dwarf otherwise known as dead stars
this is also the expected pass the sun will take
What happens to a supergiant
A supergiant eventually will explode in a supernova event
What is the age of our universe approximately
Our universe is 10 to 15,000,000,000 years old
What is the age of our solar system
Our solar system is 4.6 billion years old
What galaxy do we live in and what is it shaped like
We live in the Milky Way galaxy and it is a spiral shape
What are they universal begin with and what is it called
The universe began it was an explosion otherwise known as the big bang THEORY
Because of the Big Bang Theory what is happening and continuing to happen with our universe
Our universe has always been increasing in size and is still increasing in size today
What is evidence that our universe is expanding
universe is expanding comes from red shift
galaxies exhibit a red shifted wave length
means they are moving away from us
How do you measure the properties of light
Spectroscope
Astronomy
The study of the universe stars planets and all other objects in space
How did the universe begin
Scientists believe the universe began with a big bang hence the big bang Theory
The big bang Theory
All matter and energy started out in a small area
gigantic explosion Matter began to organize into particle’s and Atoms
atoms became organized into celestial bodies
Evidence for the big bang
red shift Doppler effect
cosmic background radiation
The Doppler effect
shifting of wavelengths meaning the Doppler effect
the road to movement between earth and other celestial objects causes the Doppler effect
What does the Doppler effect show and tell us
something is moving away you have a red shift
something is moving towards you you have a blue shifted wavelengths
How do you see the wave links also known as the Doppler effect
Scenario one; if earth and a celestial object are coming closer the electromagnetic waves represent a blue shift
Scenario two; if earth and a celestial object are moving farther apart the electromagnetic waves resulting in a red shift
Red shift
Objects that display red shift are moving away from us red equals away
Blue shift
Objects moving toward us show a blueshift blue equals towards you
What idea do the Doppler effect support
the idea that the universe is expanding
light from stars and all galaxies are shifted to the red end of the spectrum
red shift indicates that the universe is expanding in all directions
What is a galaxy
collection of billions of stars gas and debris held together by gravity
classified according to their shape
Spiral
IThe shape of our galaxy is spiral galaxies called the Milky Way the Milky Way has over 200 billion stars
Milky Way our galaxy
It’s called the Milky Way because at night it creates a white streak in the sky that has a milky appearance
Stars
Large ball of gas held together by gravity
produces great amount of energy and shines starshine
nuclear fusion in its core stars release energy which radiates into outerspace
Nuclear fusion
The combining of the nuclei of small elements to form nuclei of larger elements with the mass being converted into energy
can only occur in extremely high temperature and pressure conditions
What are two characteristics used to classify stars
Luminosity and temperature
Luminosity
The actual brightness of a star
Main sequence stars
about 90% of stars
Most spend majority of their lifespan as a main sequence star
Giant stars
Red orange and yellow giant stars rare type of star
commonly seen in the night sky because of their large size
10 times or more the diameter of the sun
Supergiants
They can be anywhere from 100 to thousand times the diameter of the sun
White dwarfs
Considered small around the size of Earth
What do you all stars originate from
Clouds of gas and dust molecules called nebula
gravity causes gas and dust clouds to clump forming larger balls of gas and dust molecules
nuclear fusion begins the ball begins to shine large amounts of electromagnetic energy and a star is born
Part of our solar system
Most of the mass was in a solar system is located in the sun about 99%
Satellites
Any object that orbits or revolves around another object the plan is afterwards meteoroids and comets are satellites of the sun and the moon or satellite a planet or astroids
astroids
a solid rock metallic body orbits the sun astroids have regular shape smaller called minor planets astroid belt between Mars and Jupiter
Comets
composed of solids that easily change to gases when heated
water and methane mixed with rock or metallic solids
Comets get close to the sun some of their ices turn to gas
Meteroids
when meteoroids burn up or vaporize they leave a brief visual streak
called shooting stars or meteors meteor lands on earth surface it is called a meteorite
Meteor
Mistakenly called shooting stars
