STAPHYLOCOCCUS AND MICROCOCCUS Flashcards
Most cocci are gram-positive, EXCEPT:
Moraxella
Neisseria
Veillonella
TRUE OR FALSE; Moraxella is a cocci, gram-negative bacteria
TRUE
Veillonella - cocci, gram- *** bacteria
gram-negative
TRUE OR FALSE: Neisseria is a cocci, gram-positive bacteria
FALSE; cocci, gram-negative
Most bacilli are gram-negative, EXCEPT:
B(2) - Bacillus, Bifidobacterium
A - Actinomyces
N - Nocardia
S - Streptomyces
C(2) - Clostridium, Corynebacterium
E - Erysipelithrix
L(2) - Listeria, Lactobacillus
name cocci, gram negative bacteria
Moraxella
Neisseria
Veilonella
these are gram-negative, motile, spiral bacteria
spirochetes
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (most commonly encountered)
H - Staphylococcus haemolyticus
E - Staphylococcus epidermidis
L - Staphylococcus lugdunensis
S - Staphylococcus saprophyticus
S - Staphylococcus schleiferi
Coagulase-negative staphylococci
S - Staphylococcus simulans
C - Staphylococcus capitis
C - Staphylococcus caprae
C - Staphylococcus cohnii
A - Staphylococcus auricularis
W - Staphylococcus warneri
H - Staphylococcus hominis
X - Staphylococcus xylosus
color of gram positive cocci
purple/ violet
these are the most common Staphylococcus species.
S - Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
H - Staphylococcus haemolyticus
A - Staphylococcus aureus,
L - Staphylococcus lugdunensis
E - Staphylococcus epidermidis,
name the 4 genera of Micrococcaceae
M - Micrococcus
S - Staphylococcus
S - Stomatococcus
P - Planococcus
name the 6 genera of streptococcaceae
L P G - S E A
L - Leuconcoccus
P - Pediococcus
G - Gemella
S - Streptococcus
E - Enterococcus
A - Aerococcus
growth characteristics of micrococcus in 5% SDA
obligate aerobe
growth characteristics (5% SDA) of streptococcus
facultative anaerobe
growth characteristics (5% SDA) of staphylococcus
facultative aerobe
colony appearance of micrococcus, staphylococcus, and streptococcus
micrococcus - small-medium
staphylococcus - medium-large (pinhead)
streptococcus - small (pinpoint)
hemolysis
micrococcus - non-hemolytic
staphylococcus - non-hemolytic, beta-hemolysis
streptococcus - alpha, beta, gamma- hemolysis
catalase test
micrococcus: +
staphylococcus: +
streptococcus: —
modifies oxidase test
micrococcus: +
staphylococcus: —
streptococcus: —
Staphylococci are members of the newly formed family called what
Staphylococceae
Some micrococci have a tendency to produce a *** pigment
yellow
the most common among the CONS
- Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
the frequent cause of UTI in adolescent girls and young women is the ***
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
golden-yellow colonies; pathogenic
coagulase-positive S. aureus
lemon yellow colonies; chromogenic opportunistic pathogen
CONS, S. aureus
white pigment; chromogenic opportunistic pathogen
S. citreus
white pigment
S. albus
animal pathogen
S. hyicus
S. intermedius
predominant normal flora on the skin; leading cause of Iantrogenic infection
S, epidermidis
The genus name, Staphylococcus, is derived from the Greek term __________, meaning “bunches of grapes.”
staphle
greek erm “staphle” means ________________
branches of grapes
Genus staphylococus contain (how many) defined species and 20 are species found in man.
33
Staphylococci colonies produced after 18 to 24 hours of incubation are medium sized (4 to 8 mm) and appear cream-colored, white or rarely light gold, and “___________”
buttery-looking.
Rare strains of staphylococci requires carbon dioxide, hemin, or menadione for growth, thus makes them a _____________ microorganism
fastidious organism
Staphylococcal species are initially differentiated by the what test
coagulase test
what staphylococci are considered as staphylocoagulase-producing (coagulase-positive)
D I A L - H
S. delphini
S. intermedius
S. aureus
S. lutrae
and some strains of S. hyicus
it is the staphylococci that is considered as the most clinically significant specie
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is also associated with toxin-induced diseases such as:
- food poisoning
- scalded skin syndrome (sss)
- toxic shock syndrome (tss)
a specie that has been known to cause various health care-acquired or nosocomial infections
S. epidermidis
these are habitats of what Staphylococci species
- Normal flora
- Anterior nares
- Nasopharynx
- Perineal area
- Skin
- Colonizer of mucosa
Staphylococcus aureus
- Endogenous strain: sterile site by traumatic introduction (e.g. surgical wound or microabrasions
- Direct contact: person-to-person, fomites
- Indirect contact: aerosolized
these are modes of transmission of what species of staphylococci
S. aureus
- Normal flora
- Skin
- Mucous membranes
these are habitats of what 3 species of staphylococci
H E L
1. S. haemolyticus
2. S. epidermidis
3 S. lugdunensis
- Endrogenous strain: sterile site, by implantation of medical devices (e.g. shunts, prosthetic devices)
- Direct contact: person-to-person
these are modes of transmission of what 3 species of staphylococcus
H E L
1. S. haemolyticus
2. S. epidermidis
3 S. lugdunensis
- Normal flora
- Skin
- Genitourinary tract
- Mucosa
the following are habitat of what staphylococci
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
It is an infection caused by an infectious agent that is present on or in the host prior to the start of the infection.
endogenous infection
Endrogenous strain: sterile urinary tract, notably in young sexually active females.
the modes of transmission mentioned above are caused by what staphylococci
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
- Normal flora
- Skin
- Mucosa
- Oropharynx
the following are habitats of what organisms
M K K
- Micrococcus spp.
- Kocuria spp
- Kytococcus spp.
it is a term used to describe a disease or condition in which a purulent exudate (pus) is formed and discharged.
Suppurative
