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BACTERIOLOGY LEC > Staphylococcus > Flashcards

Staphylococcus Flashcards

1
Q

Habitat of S. aureus

A

Nasal passages, skin, oral cavity and intestinal tract

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2
Q

Habitat of S. epidermidis

A

inhabitant of the skin

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3
Q

Perfectly spherical Gram (+) cocci approx. 0.5 to 1u in
diameter

A

Staphylococcus

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4
Q

A virulence factor that promote colonization of host tissues such as those that promote attachment to host

A

Surface proteins

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5
Q

Staphylococcus have Surface proteins that promote attachment to host proteins like?

A

laminin and fibronectin

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6
Q

A surface protein present on epithelial and endothelial
surfaces as well as
component of blood clots

A

Fibronectin

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7
Q

A virulence factor of Staphylococcus which promotes attachment to blood clots and
traumatized tissues

A

Fibrinogen/fibrin binding surface protein

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8
Q

A virulence factor of Staphylococcus which allows it to attach to collagen tissues

A

Collagen-binding factor

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9
Q

These organisms that causes Infections associated with in-dwelling
medical devices such as IV catheters, prosthetic joints,
replacements heart valves

A

Staphylococcus

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10
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
If material is in the body for long periods, fibrinogen is
degraded further promote bacterial attachment

A

FALSE:
If material is in the body for long periods, fibrinogen is degraded and no longer promote bacterial attachment

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11
Q

What ligand becomes predominant in promoting attachment of Staphylococcus

A

Fibronectin

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12
Q

surface polysaccharide of serotype 5 or 8

A

Capsular polysaccharide

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13
Q

Capsule polysaccharide of Staphylococcus are called

A

microcapsule/slime layer

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14
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
surface polysaccharide of Staphylococcus can only be visualized only by electron microscopy after antibody labelling

A

TRUE

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15
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Polysaccharide rapidly lost upon laboratory
subculture

A

TRUE

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16
Q

What surface protein of S. aureus which
binds with IgG the wrong way by non-immune
mechanism

A

Protein A

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17
Q

Protein A surface protein of S. aureus which binds to what antibody?

A

IgG

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18
Q

Protein A binds with IgG the wrong way and disrupts what?

A

Opsonization and Phagocytosis

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19
Q

toxin that specifically acts on polymorphonuclear leukocytes/wbc

A

Leukocidin

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20
Q

Responsible for symptoms during infections

A

Protein toxins

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21
Q

Membrane damaging toxins

A

Protein toxins

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22
Q

What protein toxin produces fever

A

Pyrogens

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23
Q

best characterized,
most potent membrane-damaging toxin; major virulence
factor

A

A–toxin

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24
Q

binds to membrane of susceptible cells, its subunits oligomerize to form hexameric rings

A

A–toxin

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25
Q

What blood cells have high affinity to A-toxin

A

platelets and monocytes

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26
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Delta-toxin trigger the production of inflammatory mediators
that produce the symptoms of septic shock

A

FALSE:
A-toxin

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27
Q

This toxin produces beta hemolysis

A

A-toxin

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28
Q

B-toxin contains what enzyme that damages membranes rich in this lipid

A

Sphingomyelinase C

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29
Q

B-toxin’s Classical test is the lysis of?

A

Sheep RBC

30
Q

Classical test of B-toxin done at a lower temperature range (4°C to 15°C) produces what type of lysis?

A

Beta hemolysis (Complete)

31
Q

Classical test of B-toxin done at a lower temperature range (37°C) produces what type of lysis?

A

Alpha Hemolysis (Partial)

32
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
B-toxin’s activity is influenced by temperature.

A

TRUE

33
Q

Small peptide toxin produced by most strains of S. aureus

A

Delta-toxin

34
Q

A phospholipase which role in disease is not known

A

Delta-toxin

35
Q

2-component toxin that damages membrane (host cell) of susceptible cells

A

Gamma –toxin and leukocidin

36
Q

Protein B and C form what type of toxin?

A

strong leukotoxin with poor hemolytic

37
Q

Protein A and B form what type of toxin?

A

strong hemolytic and weakly leukotoxic

38
Q

has potent leukotoxicity but non-hemolytic

A

Panton and Valentine Leukocidin

39
Q

is an important factor in necrotizing skin
lesions

A

Panton and Valentine Leukocidin

40
Q

Causes dermonecrosis when injected subcutaneously in rabbits

A

Panton and Valentine Leukocidin

41
Q

Give the two examples of Superantigens produced by S. aureus

A

Enterotoxins and Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST1)

42
Q

Enterotoxins is a virulent factor of what serotype of S. aureus?

A

6 serotypes A, B, C, D,
E and G

43
Q

Cause diarrhea and vomiting

A

Enterotoxins

44
Q

weakly related to enterotoxin
and does not have emetic activity

A

Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST1)

45
Q

Responsible for 75% of TSS including
menstrual cases

A

Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST1)

46
Q

stimulate T-cells without normal antigenic recognition, results to release of cytokines in large amounts

A

Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST1)

47
Q

Causes scalded skin syndrome in neonates with widespread blistering and loss of epidermis

A

Epidermolytic (exfoliative) toxin

48
Q

Epidermolytic (exfoliative) toxin has two forms what is it?

A

ETA and ETB

49
Q

Has protease activity which acts upon the protein, targets
protein in the skin

A

Epidermolytic (exfoliative) toxin

50
Q

Targets protein important in maintaining the integrity of the epidermis

A

Epidermolytic (exfoliative) toxin

51
Q

Extracellular protein which binds with
prothrombin in host to form
staphylothrombin

A

Coagulase

52
Q

resulting to conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and formation of clot in plasma

A

Coagulase

53
Q

Traditional marker for identifying S. aureus not present in S. epidermidis

A

Coagulase

54
Q

Plasminogen activator

A

Staphylokinase

55
Q

Activates plasmin-like proteolytic activity which dissolves fibrin clot

A

Staphylokinase

56
Q

important in abscesses where it could modify antibacterial lipids and prolong bacterial survival

A

fatty acid modifying
enzyme (FAME)

57
Q

What are the enzymes that provides nutrients for the bacteria

A

Proteases, lipases, deoxyribonuclease

58
Q

also known as the spreading factor; found in muscle and bones

A

Hyaluronidase

59
Q

hydrolyzes hyaluronic
acid (cementing substance)

A

Hyaluronidase

60
Q

Most important coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) which is a common common of the skin

A

S. epidermidis

61
Q

Major cause of infections associated with prosthetic devices and catheters

A

S. epidermidis

62
Q

Production of characteristic slime (biofilm)

A

S. epidermidis

63
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
S. aureus coagulase (-) but catalase (+), S. epidermidis coagulase and catalase (+)

A

FALSE

64
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Staphylococcus spp. are mannitol fermenters

A

FALSE

65
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
ALL Staphylococcus spp. are salt tolerant

A

TRUE

66
Q

DISEASE: a stump of spermatic cord after castration become infected, enlarged and sclerotic with pockets of pus containing granules similar to actinomycosis

A

Botryomycosis in horses

67
Q

DISEASE: suppurative lesions in cattle, organisms colonize tips of teats

A

Mastitis

68
Q

DISEASE: acute septicemia or bacteremia along with toxemia kills lamb; Ixodes ricinus

A

Tick pyemia in lambs

69
Q

DISEASE: Purulent synovitis in poultry

A

Bumblefoot in Turkey

70
Q

DISEASE: exudative
dermatitis in rabbits
and subcutaneous abscesses in older animals

A

Cutaneous staphylococcosis

71
Q

What type of Staphylococcus sp. are most prevalent in dogs and carnivores

A

S. intermedius

72
Q

What type of Staphylococcus sp. causes exudative epidermitis of swine Thru breaks on the skin

A

S. hyicus subsp. hyicus

BACTERIOLOGY LEC (7 decks)

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