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Staphylococci Flashcards

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1
Q

Staphylococci is derived from the Greek word staphle, meaning

A

Bunch of grapes

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2
Q

Appearance of staph on BAP

A

Creamy, white or gold, “buttery looking”, some are B hemolytic

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3
Q

How many units of Bacitracin is used in Taxo A disk test?

A

0.02-0.04 units

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4
Q

Bacitracin susceptible

A

Micrococci

> or = 10mm zone of inhibition

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5
Q

Furazolidone susceptible

A

Staphylococci (> or = 15mm zone of inhibition)

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6
Q

How many grams of furazolidone is used in the susceptibility test?

A

100ug

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7
Q

Furazolidone Resistant

A

Micrococcus (6-9mm)

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8
Q

Lysostaphin Sensitive

A

Staphylococci (10-16mm zone of inhibition)

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9
Q

Reagent in Modified Oxidase Test/Microdase Test

A

Tetramethnyl-p-phenylenediamine in dimethylsulfoxide

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10
Q

Positive result in Modified Oxidase Test

A

Blue color within 2 minutes

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11
Q

Organism positive with Modified Oxidase Test

A

Micrococci

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12
Q

Organism that grows on Furoxone-Tween 80-oil red O agar

A

Micrococci

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13
Q

Acid production from glycerol (+)

A

Staphylococci

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14
Q

Aureus means

A

Gold

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15
Q

Resposible for the golden yellow pigment of S. aureus

A

Lipochrome

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16
Q

Salt requirement of Staph

A

7.5 - 10% NaCl

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17
Q

Extensive exfoliative dermatitis that occurs primarily in newborns

A

SSS - Skin Scalded Syndrome

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18
Q

Multisystem disease characterized by a sudden onset of fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle aches and rash, which can quickly progress to hypotension and shock

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

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19
Q

Promotes the formation of fibrin layer around staphylococcal abscess

A

Coagulase

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20
Q

Spreading factor enzyme

A

Hyaluronidase/Duran-Reynal Factor

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21
Q

Has fibrinolytic activity

A

Staphylokinase/Fibrinolysin

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22
Q

Fat-splitting enzyme

A

Lipase

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23
Q

Lowers the viscosity of exudates, giving pathogen more mobility

A

DNAse and Phosphatase

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24
Q

Breaks down penicillin and other beta-lacta, drugs

A

Beta-lactamase

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25
Enterotoxins are heat- (stable or labile)???
Stable
26
Enterotoxin often found in milk products
Enterotoxin B
27
Enterotoxin associated with pseudomembranous enterocolitis
Enterotoxin B
28
Enterotoxins responsible for food poisoning
Enterotoxins A, B, and D
29
Pore-forming exotoxin that attacks and kills WBC
Leukocidin/Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (Cytolytic Toxin)
30
Destroys sphingomyelin and RBC around nerves
Beta hemolysin (hot-cold lysin/sphingomyelinase C)
31
Hemolysin that is associated with Leukocidin
Delta hemolysin
32
Serine protease that destroys the stratum granulosum
Exfoliatin A and B (superantigens)
33
Toxin that causes SSS or Ritter's disease
Exfoliatin A and B
34
Enterotoxin that causes TSS
Enterotoxin F/Pyogenic Exotoxin
35
Immunologically active substance found in the cell wall of S. aureus
Protein A
36
Best single criterion of pathogenicity of S. aureus
Coagulase Test
37
Reagent in coagulase Test
Rabbit plasma or human plasma
38
Detects cell bound coagulase
Slide method
39
Detects free coagulase (definitive test)
Tube method
40
Positive result in slide method
Clot within 30 seconds
41
Positive result in Coagulase Tube Method
Clot after 1-4 hrs of incubation
42
MSA content
1% Mannitol and 7.5% NaCl
43
pH indicator of MSA
Phenol Red
44
Positive result in Mannitol Fermentation Test
Yellow color
45
Test to differentiate S. aureus (+) from S. intermedius (-)
VP Test
46
+ result in VP test
Pink color due to acetoin/acethylmethyl carbinol production
47
Medium and reagent in DNAse test
DNA medium and methyl green dye
48
+ result in DNAse test
Clearing of the dye (clear zone)
49
Normal flora of the skin
S. epidermidis
50
Most common contaminant of prostatic heart valves
S. epidermidis
51
CoNS, Novobiocin Susceptible (16-27mm)
S. epidermidis
52
CoNS, Novobiocin resistant (6-12mm)
S. saprophyticus
53
Associated with catheter-related bacteremia and endocarditis
S. lugdunensis
54
Catalase Test Reagent
3% H202
55
Aerobic Catalase Test Reagent
3% H202
56
Anaerobic Catalase Test Reagent
15% H202
57
Catalase Test (+) result
Bubble formation/effervescence
58
Organisms that exhibit pseudocatalase reaction
Aerococcus Rothia Enterococcus
59
Weak production of bubbles should be interpreted as
Negative
60
Positive result in PYR test
Red color
61
Reagents in VP Test
Aplha naphthol and KOH
62
Most useful and widely used Beta-Lactamase Test
Cephalosporinase Test
63
Positive result in ceohalosporinase Test
Deep pink/red color within 10 minutes
64
Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion Test Result if Sensitive
> or = 22mm
65
Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion Test Result if resistant
< or = 21 mm
66
Test for the detection of heteroresistant Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)
Macro E test
67
Double-Disk Diffusion Test (D Test) positive result
Flattening of the one side of the clindamycin zone - "D zone" due to erm gene
68
Used to detect inducible cindamycin resistance in staphylococci
D test
69
Procedure for D test (2 steps)
1. Place 15ug erythromycin disk (inducing agent) and 2 ug clindamycin disk 15mm-26mm apart on BAP with the isolate to be tested. 2. Incubate overnight at 35 C.
70
Confirmatory Tests for Oxacillin Resistance in Staphylococci
Broth dilution and E-test
71
Gold standard for MRSA detection
PCR
72
Using citrated tubes instead of EDTA in coagulase tests can cause false
+
73
In coagulase tube method, >4 hours or delay in interpretation causes false
Negative (due to staphylokinase)
74
Negative result in Mannitol fermentation test
Red
75
Positive result in HCl precipitation test
No precipitation
76
True or False Catalase is not a pathogenic or virulence factor
True
77
S. aureus like that is lactose (+)
S. schleiferi
78
S. aureus like ``` Slide coag (+) VP (-) ```
S. intermedius
79
S. aureus like ``` Slide coag (+) PYR (+) ```
S. lugdunensis
80
S. aureus like Beta hemolytic Coag (-)
S. haemolyticus
81
Screening test for staphylococci
Catalase test
82
#1 ocular pathogen
S. aureus
83
Causative agent of IV drug user associated endocarditis
S. aureus
84
#1 cause of Osteomyelitis
S. aureus
85
#1 cause of skin infections
S. aureus
86
BAP: white, non-hemolytic colony
S. epidermidis
87
Best sample for staphylococci
Aspirated Sample

Microbiology (9 decks)

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