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Enterobacteriaciae Flashcards

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1
Q

Most are present in the intestinal tract as commensal flora except

A

Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia

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2
Q

All members are motile except

A

SKY

Shigella
Kingella
Yersinia

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3
Q

All are nonencapsulated except

A

Klebsiella

Enterobacter

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4
Q

All members ferment ____ and reduce nitrate to nitrite

A

Glucose

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5
Q

Only oxidase + member of the enterobacteriaciae

A

P. shigelloides

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6
Q

ESBL-Producing bacteria

A

E. coli
K. pneumoniae
K. oxytoca

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7
Q

Isolated from urinary tract and cause bacteremia

A

E. coli
K. pneumoniae
P. mirabilis

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8
Q

Antibiotic-resistant genera

A

CES

Citrobacter
Enterobacter
Serratia

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9
Q

Associated with diarrhea

A

YESS

Yersinia
E. coli
Shigella
Salmonella

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10
Q

Heat stable antigen

A

Somatic “O” Ag

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11
Q

Antigen located on the cell wall for E. coli and Shigella serotyping

A

Somatic “O” Ag

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12
Q

Somatic “O” Ag

O stands for

A

Ohne

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13
Q

Heat labile antigen found in the flagellum for Salmonella serotyping

A

Flagellar “H” Ag

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14
Q

Flagellar “H” Ag

H stands for

A

Hauch

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15
Q

Heat labile polysaccharide; covers the O Ag; found as K1 Ag of E. coli and Vi antigen of S. enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhi

A

Capsular “K” Ag

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16
Q

Capsular “K” Ag

K stands for

A

Kapsel

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17
Q

Common name of E. coli

A

Colon Bacillus

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18
Q

Primary marker of fecal contamination in water purification

A

E. coli

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19
Q

Leading cause of nosocomial infection- UTI

A

E. coli

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20
Q

E. coli “O” groups have shown cross reactivity with the “O” Ag of _____

A

Shigella

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21
Q

Appearance of E. coli in EMB

A

Greenish metallic sheen

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22
Q

Virulence factor of E. coli that is similar to the Vi Ag of Salmonella

A

K1 Ag

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23
Q

Causes neonatal meningitis

A

E. coli

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24
Q

Formerly called E. coli atypical

A

E. hermanii

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25
Q

CA of Infantile Diarrhea

A

EPEC

Enteropathogenic E. coli

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26
Q

Causes diarrhea with mucus but w/o blood

A

EPEC

Enteropathogenic E. coli

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27
Q

(+) H Ag and Intimin

A

EPEC

Enteropathogenic E. coli

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28
Q

E. coli strain which causes loss of micro villi but no toxin production

A

EPEC

Enteropathogenic E. coli

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29
Q

CA of Traveler’s Diarrhea/Montezuma’s Revenge

A

ETEC

Enterotoxigenic E. coli

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30
Q

Virulence factors: Heat-stable and Heat Labile enterotoxins

A

ETEC

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31
Q

Persons with Achlorhydria are at high risk

A

ETEC

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32
Q

CA of Dysentery-like/Shigella-like infection

A

EIEC

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33
Q

CA of watery diarrhea with WBCs

A

EIEC

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34
Q

Virulence factor of EIEC

A

Invasin

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35
Q

Virulence test for Shigella and EIEC

A

Sereny Test

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36
Q

CA of Hemorrhagic colitis, HUS, and TTP

A

EHEC
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli
(E. coli O157:H7)

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37
Q

Virulence factors of EHEC

A

Cytotoxins (Verotoxin I and II)

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38
Q

Only E. coli strain that is MUG (-)

A

EHEC

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39
Q

E. coli strain that is (+) Verotoxin/Shiga-like toxin

A

EHEC

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40
Q

CA of bloody diarrhea without WBCs

A

EHEC

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41
Q

E. coli strain with “stacked-brick” appearance

A

Enteroadherent E. coli (EAEC) or Enteroaggregative E. coli

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42
Q

4-methylumbelideryl B-D glucoronide is for what test

A

MUG

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43
Q

Determines the organism’s ability to produce keratoconjunctivitis in guinea pig

A

Sereny Test

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44
Q

E. coli strain that appears colorless on Mac Conkey Agar and produce heavy growth

A

E. coli O157:H7

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45
Q

E. coli strain that rarely produces B-glucoronidase resulting to MUG test negative

A

E. coli O157:H7

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46
Q

E. coli strains that produce verotoxins are also called

A

Shiga toxigenic E. coli (STEC)

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47
Q

If ETEC is suspected, a ____ should be inoculated as well because it only grows on this plate

A

BAP

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48
Q

Associated with Choler-like toxin or heat labile enterotoxin

A

ETEC

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49
Q

E. coli strain that causes gastroenteritis in children

A

EPEC

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50
Q

E. coli that is non lactose, anaerogenic, and non-motile

A

Alkalescens dispar

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51
Q

Test to detect bacterial endotoxin

A

Limulus Test

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52
Q

Limulus in limulus test is derived from

A

Limulus horse crab

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53
Q

Differentiate E. coli from Shigella based on

MacConkey
Acetate
Motility

A

E. coli Shigella

LF NLF
+ -
+ -

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54
Q

Common name of Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Friedlander’s bacillus

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55
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae is transmitted through droplets

True or False

A

FALSE

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56
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae string test result

A

Positive due to capsule

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57
Q

Klebsiella spp that are indole positive

A

indOle POsitive

  1. K. oxytoca
  2. K. ornithinolytica
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58
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae is formerly known as

A

Bacillus capsulatus

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59
Q

CA of community acquired pneumonia

A

K. pneumoniae

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60
Q

Virulence factor of K. pneumoniae

A

Polysaccharide capsule

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61
Q

K. pneumoniae

Growth on media with KCN:

A

Positive

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62
Q

Potassium cyanide inhibits

A

Bacterial growth

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63
Q

Characteristic sputum in community acquired pneumonia

A

Currant jelly-like sputum

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64
Q

Klebsiella spp that is biochemically inert

Negative to: LDC, VP and Urease, and Indole

A

K. rhinoscleromatis

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65
Q

Enterobacter resembles ____ on MacConkey agar

A

Klebsiella

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66
Q

Common isolate of Enterobacter

A

E. cloacae

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67
Q

All enterobacter are urease negative except

A

E. gergoviae

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68
Q

Enterobacter that is LDC (-) control

A

E. cloacae

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69
Q

Enterobacter that is Arginine Dihydrolase (+) (2)

A
  1. Enterobacter cloacae

2. Enterobacter sakazakii

70
Q

LDC (+) control

A

K. pneumoniae

71
Q

LDC (+) organisms (7)

A

KEEESSer sa Arizona

Klebsiella Salmonella
Enterobacter. Serratia
E. coli. Arizona
Edwardsiella

72
Q

A pathogen in neonates causing meningitis and bacteremia, often coming from powdered infant formula

A

Cronobacter sakazakii

Formerly known as Enterobacter sakazakii

73
Q

Enterobacter that have a characteristic yellow-pigmented colonies

A

Cronobacter sakazakii

74
Q

Formerly known as Enterobacter agglomerans

A

Pantoea agglomerans

75
Q

CA of septicemia due to contaminated IV fluids

A

Pantoea agglomerans

76
Q

Triple decarboxylase negative

A

Pantoea agglomerans

77
Q

Serratia are DNAse ____

A

+

78
Q

Contaminant in antiseptic solutions used for joint infections causing an epidemic of septic arthritis

A

Serratia marcescens

79
Q

Serratia that causes osteomyelitis following a motorcycle accident

A

Serratia plymuthica

80
Q

Pigment responsible for pink or red color production by Serratia

A

Prodigiosin

81
Q

Serratia that produces musty-punget odor or “potato-like” odor

A

S. odorifera

82
Q

Pigment production of Serratia is well-observed at what temperature

A

RT (25 C)

83
Q

Serratia that causes blood bag contamination

A

S. liquifaciens

84
Q

Can cause AGN

A

Proteus

85
Q

Rapid urease producer

A

Proteus

86
Q

Common isolate of Proteus

A

P. mirabilis

87
Q

Odor produce by Proteus

A

“Burnt chocolate” or “burnt-gun powder” odor

88
Q

Culture appearance of Proteus

A

Swaming phenomenon

89
Q

Also known as spreading or production of wave-like patterns by Proteus

A

Swarming

90
Q

2 Cause of UTI

A

Proteus

91
Q

Positive Dienes Phenomenon

A

P. mirabilis

92
Q

Indole positive Proteus

A

P. vulgaris

93
Q

Same biochemical reaction with P. vulgaris except citrate negative

A

Morganella

94
Q

Has been isolated from cold-blooded and warm blooded animals

A

Edwardsiella

95
Q

Human pathogen Edwardsiella

A

E. tarda

96
Q

Produces colonies on Mac Conkey agar that resembles E. coli and biochemically resembling Salmonella

A

Citrobacter

97
Q

Slow urease producers

A

Citrobacter

98
Q

Differentiate Citrobacter from Salmonella based on:

Urease
LDC
Mac Conkey

A

Citrobacter Salmonella

+ -
- +
LF NLF

99
Q

All Salmonella are NLF except

A

Arizona

100
Q

Indole negative citrobacter

A

C. freundii

101
Q

CA of Typhoid Fever

A

Salmonella

102
Q

Typhidot biologic false +

A

Dengue Fever

103
Q

Characteristic stool of salmonellosis

A

Pea soup stool

104
Q

“fish eye colonies”

A

Salmonella

105
Q

Appearance of Salmonella in HE, BSA, XLD

A

Colonies with black center

106
Q

Appearance of Salmonella in SSA

A

Colorless colonies with black centers

107
Q

The one who spread Salmonella

A

Typhoid Mary

108
Q

Also known as Typhoid Fever

A

Enteric Fever

109
Q

The organ that is site of long-term carriage of S. serotype typhi

A

Gallbladder

110
Q

Characteristic of enteric fever that appears during the 2nd week of fever

A

Rose spots

111
Q

Specimens for Salmonella Identification

1st week of infection
2nd week
3rd week

A

Blood
Stool
Urine

112
Q

Confirmatory Test for Typhoid Fever

A

Bone marrow culture

113
Q

Can cause AGN

A

Proteus

114
Q

Rapid urease producer

A

Proteus

115
Q

Common isolate of Proteus

A

P. mirabilis

116
Q

Odor produce by Proteus

A

“Burnt chocolate” or “burnt-gun powder” odor

117
Q

Culture appearance of Proteus

A

Swaming phenomenon

118
Q

Also known as spreading or production of wave-like patterns by Proteus

A

Swarming

119
Q

2 Cause of UTI

A

Proteus

120
Q

Positive Dienes Phenomenon

A

P. mirabilis

121
Q

Indole positive Proteus

A

P. vulgaris

122
Q

Same biochemical reaction with P. vulgaris except citrate negative

A

Morganella

123
Q

Has been isolated from cold-blooded and warm blooded animals

A

Edwardsiella

124
Q

Human pathogen Edwardsiella

A

E. tarda

125
Q

Produces colonies on Mac Conkey agar that resembles E. coli and biochemically resembling Salmonella

A

Citrobacter

126
Q

Slow urease producers

A

Citorbacter

127
Q

Differentiate Citrobacter from Salmonella based on:

Urease
LDC
Mac Conkey

A

Citrobacter Salmonella

+ -
- +
LF NLF

128
Q

All Salmonella are NLF except

A

Arizona

129
Q

Indole negative citrobacter

A

C. freundii

130
Q

CA of Typhoid Fever

A

Salmonella

131
Q

Typhidot biologic false +

A

Dengue Fever

132
Q

Characteristic stool of salmonellosis

A

Pea soup stool

133
Q

“fish eye colonies”

A

Salmonella

134
Q

Appearance of Salmonella in HE, BSA, XLD

A

Colonies with black center

135
Q

Appearance of Salmonella in SSA

A

Colorless colonies with black centers

136
Q

The one who spread Salmonella

A

Typhoid Mary

137
Q

Also known as Typhoid Fever

A

Enteric Fever

138
Q

The organ that is site of long-term carriage of S. serotype typhi

A

Gallbladder

139
Q

Characteristic of enteric fever that appears during the 2nd week of fever

A

Rose spots

140
Q

Specimens for Salmonella Identification

1st week of infection
2nd week
3rd week

A

Blood
Stool
Urine

141
Q

Confirmatory Test for Typhoid Fever

A

Bone marrow culture

142
Q

Shigella is transmitted by Four F’s which stand for

A

Flies
Fingers
Food
Feces

143
Q

Virulence factor of Shigella

A

Shiga toxin

144
Q

Most virulent shigella spp

A

S. dysenteriae

145
Q

Shigella that causes Gay Bowel Syndrome

A

S. flexneri

146
Q

Sensitive to pH changes. Thus, stool should be processed immediately to recover this organism

A

Shigella

147
Q

Unique in its ability to decarboxylate ornithine among the Shigella spp. (LLF) (ONPG+)

A

Shigella sonnei

148
Q

Highly communicable due to low infective dose required to produce the disease

A

Bacillary dysentery

149
Q

Most common cause of communicable diarrhea

A

S. dystenteriae

150
Q

Shigella sonnei cross react with

A

Pleisiomonas shigelloides

151
Q

Causative agent of enterocolitis - waterborne gastroenteritis

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

152
Q

Motile at 22 but not at 35 C

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

153
Q

Requires cold enrichment technique using phosphate buffered saline for several weeks for isolation from fecal material

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

154
Q

Has been isolated from contaminated packed RBCs

A

Y. enterocolitica

155
Q

“bull’s eye colonies” in CIN

A

Y. enterocolitica

Same with Aeromonas (To diff. - Oxidase Test)

Aeromonas +
Yersinia -

156
Q

CA of appendicitis and blood bag contamination

A

Y. enterocolitica

157
Q

Can be acquired by drinking unpasteurized milk and consumption of incompletely cooked food

A

Y. enterocolitica

158
Q

Plague Bacillus

A

Y. pestis

159
Q

Class A Bioterrorism Agent

A

Y. pestis

160
Q

The only enterobacteriaciae that is transmitted to humans by the bute of an infected flea - Xenopsylla cheopis

A

Y. pestis

161
Q

CA of bubonic plague - “black death or 6th century pandemic”

A

Y. pestis

162
Q

Bipolar staining or closed safety pin appearance in microscope using Wayson or Methylene Blue Stain

A

Y. pestis

163
Q

Appearance of “Salactite Pattern” in Broth

A

Y. pestis

164
Q

Yersinia strain that is pathogenic to animals particularly guinea pigs

A

Y. pseudotuberculosis

165
Q

Delayed citrate reaction

A

Hafnia

166
Q

Plant pathogen

A

Erwinia

167
Q

Apron-like colonies in CIN

A

P. shigelloides

168
Q

Triple decarboxylase positive

A

P. shigelloides

169
Q

Used to enhance the recovery of Plesiomonas

A

Inositol Brilliant Green Bile Salt Agar

170
Q

Members of the enterobacteriaciae that grow at 1-5 C

A

Serratia

Yersinia

Microbiology (9 decks)

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