Stalling and Spinning Flashcards
What are the symptoms of the approaching and full stall at 1g level flight?
Speed Reducing
Attitude Increasing
Alpha Increasing
Gear Position Warning
Buffet - First stick shaker at 15-16 units AoA, then light buffet just before the stall
Instability - Tends to wing and nose drop
Rate of Descent
Stick Fully Aft
What checks must be completed prior to stalling?
HASLLG
What are the recommended heights above base height to start an academic clean stall and an academic configured stall?
Clean: 1000ft
Configured: 2000ft
How far above cloud should you be to conduct academic stalling?
2000ft above the cloud tops, rounded up to the nearest 500ft.
Must have recovered by this height or your base height, whichever is higher.
What are the HASLLG checks?
Height
Airframe
Security
Location
Lookout
G-awareness, G-warm up, Inverted Flight Check
What is done during the H (height) part of the HASLLG checks?
First, calculate Min Abandonment Height (MAH), which is to be 3000ft AGL (convert to AMSL as RPS will be set)
Nominate a base height above MAH. Min for stalling is 4000ft AGL dual, 5000ft AGL solo.
Consider cloud. Your nominated base height should be at least 2000ft above the cloud tops, allowing you to remain 1000ft vertically clear of cloud throughout.
Work out the height from which to set up the stall (clean recommended 1000ft above BH, configured 2000ft).
What is done during the A (airframe) part of the HASLLG checks?
Landing gear, flaps and speedbrake as req., noting g and IAS limits.
Check fuel imbalance < 50lb
What is done during the S (security) part of the HASLLG checks?
Harness tight, no loose articles, pockets fastened, map stowage lids locked.
What is done during the L (location) part of the HASLLG checks?
Suitable location for exercise, clear of:
Active airfields
Built up areas
Cloud
Controlled airspace
What is done during the L (lookout) part of the HASLLG checks?
Focus your lookout as req. for the exercise. Check TCAS.
What is done during the G (G-awareness) part of the HASLLG checks?
As req. (not necessary for academic stalling).
G aware confirms kit is working, g warm is to prep for high g
Why and how is the G Awareness manoeuvre flown?
Flown to test the anti-g system and individual tolerances.
Set up at 200 KIAS, 8000ft (weather dependent).
Lookout, MAX power, roll and pull to 4g through at least 90 deg.
Roll out, check flight path ahead, dead wing and TCAS in the normal way.
When and how is the G Warm Up manoeuvre flown?
On all sorties when there is a likelihood of rapid g onset which exceeds 4g.
Nominal set-up is 220 KIAS, 8000ft (weather dependent).
Lookout, MAX power, roll and pull to 5g through at least 180 deg. (may need to be a descending turn to maintain 5g for full 180 deg.).
Roll out checks in usual manner, then convert excess speed to height (or vice-versa) as req. for the next exercise.
How is the Inverted Flight Check flown?
Pitch to about 10 deg. NU
Roll inverted
Once inverted with wings level, push forwards on the control column to maintain - 1g in order to identify any loose articles and confirm you are secure in the seat.
Relax the push force, ensure HUD g reading is between 0 and -0.9g, then roll wings level.
(Limits checked due to rolling g limit of -1g)
How clear should you remain of the cloud tops throughout the stalling exercise?
1000ft vertically clear
BH at least 2000ft vertically clear to ensure 1000ft vertical clearance throughout exercise.
What is the MAH (Min Abandonment Height) when stalling?
3000ft AGL
(Must convert to AMSL as req. if working on RPS)
What is the minimum base height when stalling dual?
4000ft AGL
What is the minimum base height when stalling solo?
5000ft AGL
What are the two lookout turn options when conducting an academic clean stall?
2 x 90 deg.
1 x 180 deg.
Both flown at 45 deg. AoB
How do you set up and fly an academic clean stall?
Complete first part of HASLLG in the climb.
Level off at 140 KIAS, 27-30% TQ.
Lookout turn as final L (no G check requirement).
Roll out, select IDLE, check flight path ahead, down-going wing and TCAS.
Trim level to 100KIAS - Do not trim beyond but adjust the attitude to remain level.
Describe the Standard Stall Recovery (SSR)
Control column centrally forward (small movement).
Simultaneously apply MAX power - look ahead as you do so and apply right rudder to keep straight. Also need to counter tendency for nose to rise as full power is applied to prevent the aircraft re-entering a stalled condition.
Once the buffet/stick shaker has ceased, roll wings level.
Ease out of the dive - Fine balance between min height loss and pulling too hard so as to re-stall the aircraft. If stick shaker activates, ease the back pressure.
Select the climbing attitude and trim. Set up next exercise.
What must you do if you are in the circuit, at circuit speeds and the stick shaker operates?
SSR
Describe how you would set up and fly an academic stall on the simulated final approach.
HASLLG checks
Stabilise at 140KIAS at the start of simulated downwind leg - set hdg bug to assist.
Complete the approach checks and stabilise with 120 KIAS and approx. 35% TQ set.
Lookout in to the turn, check TCAS, tip in to final turn - reduce power by 15% TQ and roll to 30 deg. AoB, allowing the nose to drop to 5 deg. ND FPM in the HUD. Select LAND flap.
Hold 5 deg. ND FPM throughout.
Roll out on simulated extended centreline, set 2 deg. ND. E bar will move below the FPM (in reality, a go-around would now have to be carried out).
Stick shaker will operate at around 15 AoA, approx. 80-84 KIAS in this configuration.
Carry out the SSR.
Establish in the climb and complete the after T/O checks to ensure clean config. and healthy engine.
Describe how you would set up and fly an academic stall on the simulated final turn.
Crucial to ensure that the gear and/or flaps extended g limit of +2g is not exceeded.
Initial set-up is the same as for the stall on the final approach.
Set up for the final turn:
Reduce power to 10% TQ, roll to 30 deg. AoB, allow nose to drop to 5 deg. ND FPM, then select LAND flap.
Half way around, simulate being blown through the centreline by increasing the AoB to 45 deg. and apply a squeeze of back pressure to the CC.
Stick shaker will operate - carry out the SSR (mind the +2g limit).
Climb away - AFTER T/O checks, careful of the 150 KIAS limit.
