Aerobatics

Question 1

What are the Visual UP recovery actions?

Answer 1

Height - Check sufficient to recover

Speed - Low or decreasing rapidly = Max pwr (unless brace scenario), high or increasing rapidly = Idle, speedbrake as required

Roll - Look for nearest horizon and roll wings level

Pitch - Prompt (but careful at high speeds) selection of attitude for S&L flight. May be pitch up (nose low), or pitch down (nose high)

Question 2

How would you recover from a nose low, near inverted visual UP?

Answer 2

Do NOT pull through.

Check height, set IDLE, roll to nearest horizon, pull out of the dive.

Question 3

How would you recover from a nose high, speed high visual UP?

Answer 3

Check height, smoothly apply max power, roll to 90 deg. AoB, allow nose to drop, anticipate level attitude (approx. 10 deg. NU to anticipate) and roll wings level.

Question 4

How would you recover from a nose high, speed low visual UP?

Answer 4

Check height, IDLE, centralise controls and brace (two hands on the CC).
Allow nose to drop.
90kts = Roll wings level
100kts = Pitch level

Question 5

Above what speed is the full application of rudder prohibited?

Answer 5

150KIAS

Question 6

Above what speed is the full deflection of control surfaces prohibited?

Answer 6

227KIAS

Question 7

Where must you always check before pitching in to the vertical?

Answer 7

Above
Behind
TCAS (best set to ABOVE for aeros)

Question 8

What checks must be completed prior to conducting aerobatics?

Answer 8

HASLLG
Inverted flight check conducted in with S
G-aware and G-warm conducted in with G

Question 9

What is the min base height for aeros?

Answer 9

4000ft AGL dual
5000ft AGL solo
or
2000ft above cloud in order to maintain min 1000ft clear of cloud

Whichever is higher

Question 10

How would you fly a loop?

Answer 10

Accelerate to 230KIAS using MAX power.
Trim + leave power at max.

Lookout (above and behind + TCAS)

Look front, 3.5g (to 4g) pull up, RIGHT RUDDER to keep straight, more as speed bleeds off.

Assess + maintain pitch rate, wing tip check at 45 deg. to ensure equal pull - small rudder adjustment if not.

100-120KIAS over the top
Approx. 2300ft height gain (2000ft min)
Confirm these gates out loud before committing nose low.

Locate horizon, rudder to keep straight (ball in scan).

Aim to achieve 40 deg. ND at Base + 1000ft.

Fly to base to achieve height + speed (230KIAS).

Question 11

How would you fly a wingover?

Answer 11

230KIAS entry.

Pitch up as for a loop (equal pull with rudder to balance, 3.5-4g).

Stop pitch at 45 deg. NU, roll to about 90 deg. AoB.

Increase BP to keep turning whilst allowing the nose to drop below the horizon.

Speed should be no less than 120KIAS at the apex.

Fly to base + line feature.

Question 12

How would you fly an aileron roll?

Answer 12

230KIAS, 70% TQ

Pitch to approx. 10 deg. NU, then check forward (to ensure not rolling and pitching simultaneously).

Apply approx. 2/3 full aileron deflection (could use full if below Vo = 227KIAS).

Question 13

How would you fly a half cuban eight?

Answer 13

230KIAS, max power, lookout above + behind + TCAS.
Enter as for a loop (3.5-4g equal pull with rudder to balance).

Check forward at 45 deg. NU to HOLD the attitude.

At Base + 1500ft, roll inverted.

Confirm looping gate height met (min base + 2000ft).

Look for horizon and line feature, commence wings level pull through once stabilised inverted (not rolling and pulling).

Down as for a loop (40 deg. ND at base + 1000ft).

Question 14

How would you fly a half horizontal eight?

Answer 14

230KIAS, Max power, lookout (above + behind + TCAS).
Entry as per loop (3.5-4g equal pull with rudder to balance).

Loop gate over the top (base + 2000ft min, 100-120KIAS).

Stop pitching at 45 deg. ND. Push forward slightly to briefly hold nose in position (must not be pitching before starting to roll erect).

Roll erect (best to roll RIGHT to go with the prop).

At Base + 1500ft, roll erect and pull to achieve base height on line feature.

Arrive back ‘on height, on speed’.

Question 15

How would you fly a barrel roll with S&L entry?

Answer 15

Choose distinctive feature on wingtip in direction of roll (RIGHT roll easier).

Lookout (above, behind, TCAS) - 230KIAS, max power

3g pitch up

At approx. 45 deg. NU, begin roll whilst maintaining constant pitch rate.

Top of HUD glass should sit on the horizon, over the chosen feature/point, when the wings are level in the inverted position.

Crucial to use rudder to balance and include ball in scan.

Gate over the top as per loop?

Be sure to maintain roll once past the inverted check, fly to line feature and base.

Question 16

How would you fly a barrel roll with offset entry?

Question 17

How would you fly a roll off the top?

Answer 17

Entry speed = 250KIAS, MAX power

Lookout (above, behind, TCAS)

Wings level pitch up at 4g (rudder to balance, more as you slow).

Continue as for loop until inverted with nose high (10-15 deg. above the horizon).

Check and hold attitude momentarily, then roll erect.

Question 18

How would you fly a half roll and pull through?

Answer 18

Entry MUST be < 140KIAS.

Entry height MUST be greater than or equal to 2000ft above base height.

Raise nose to climbing attitude, roll inverted + select power as required for next manoeuvre.

Pull straight to the stick shaker (no more) to establish the pitch rate and keep speed under control (rudder as req. to balance - include ball in scan).

Adjust pull and power to achieve base on line feature, on speed for next manoeuvre.

Question 19

How would you fly a looping quarter clover?

Answer 19

Choose distinctive feature on wingtip in direction of roll (RIGHT roll easier).

Lookout (above, behind, TCAS) - enter as for a loop (230KIAS, max power, 3.5-4g equal pull up with rudder to balance).

Approaching the vertical, roll 90 deg. and look for feature. Stop rolling when feature is in the centre of the canopy.

Early on, allow apex to be base + 3000ft.

Pull through to arrive back at base with 230KIAS, on 90 deg. to original course.

Question 20

How would you fly a lift vector quarter clover?

Answer 20

Choose distinctive feature on wingtip in direction of roll (RIGHT roll easier).

Lookout (above, behind, TCAS) - enter at 250KIAS MIN, max power, 3.5-4g equal pull up with rudder to balance.
Pitch in to the vertical and maintain (wings to check).

Roll to put feature in the top/centre of canopy.

Pitch over top (approx. 3000ft gate, don’t get to slow or risk back slide).