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STAINS Flashcards

1
Q

most important and most commonly used for routine histologic studies

A

Hematoxylin

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2
Q

mainly used for staining elastic fibers

A

Orcein

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3
Q

A vegetable dye extracted from lichens

A

Orcein

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4
Q

What color does Orcein produces when treated with ammonia?

A

Blue or Violet

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5
Q

Cochineal + Alum

A

Carmine

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6
Q

Used as a powerful chromatin and nuclear stain for fresh material and smear prep

A

Carmine

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7
Q

Cochineal + Picric acid

A

Picrocarmine

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8
Q

used on neuropathological studies

A

Picrocarmine

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9
Q

Cochineal + Aluminum chloride

A

Best carmine

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10
Q

used for the demonstration of glycogen

A

Best carmine

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11
Q

A plant with orange stigmas yielding a dye

A

Saffron

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12
Q

Oxidizing agents used to accelerate Hematoxylin:

  1. Mercuric oxide
  2. Sodium iodate
    3.Potassium permanganate
  3. Calcium hypochlorite
  4. Hydrogen peroxide
  5. Sodium hypochlorite
  6. Aluminum
  7. Copper
A

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  1. Mercuric oxide
  2. Sodium iodate
    3.Potassium permanganate
  3. Calcium hypochlorite
  4. Hydrogen peroxide
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13
Q

The complex of stain and mordant is called:

A

Lake

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14
Q

most commonly used mordant that gives a blue lake

A

Aluminum / Alum salts

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15
Q

When used as mordant, this causes intense blue-black

A

Ferric salt

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16
Q

Blueing agents

A
  1. 1% alcoholic ammonia or ammonia water
  2. 1% aqueous lithium carbonate
  3. Scott’s tap water / Scott’s tap water substitute
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17
Q

Oxidizing agent used in Harris’ hematoxylin

A

Mercuric oxide

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18
Q

Oxidizing / Ripening agent used in Mayer’s/Ehrlich’s hematoxylin

A

Sodium iodate

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19
Q

Oxidizing agent used in Coles hematoxylin

A

Alcoholic iodine

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20
Q

Recommended for routine purposes especially used in sequence with Celestine blue

A

Coles Hematoxylin

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21
Q

Alum Hematoxylins

A

Mayer’s
Ehrlich’s
Delafield’s
Gill’s
Harris’
Cole’s

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22
Q

Iron Hematoxylins

A

Weigert’s
Heidenhain’s

23
Q

Used for the demonstration of spermatogenesis.

A

Copper hematoxylin

24
Q

A red acid dye used for staining cytoplasm differentially

25
Q

Most commonly used Eosin

26
Q

Examples of Eosin

A

Eosin Y
Eosin B
Eosin S

27
Q

Addition of ____ makes eosin staining more intense and selective

A

0.5 mL Glacial acetic

28
Q

a special fixative used in frozen section which serves to localize antigens and hydrolytic enzymes

A

Formol Calcium

29
Q

also used for preservation of lipids

A

Formol Calcium

30
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Cytoplasm & proteins in edema fluid

31
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Decalcified bone, Osteoid & Collagen

32
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Muscle Fiber

33
Q

H&E Color Reaction

RBC, Eosinophil granules & Kerartin

A

Bright orange to Red

34
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Calcium & Calcified Bone

A

Purplish blue

35
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Plasma cells, Osteoblast & Basophilic cytoplasm

A

Purplish pink

36
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Karyosome

37
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Nucleus

A

Blue to Blue-black

38
Q

H&E Color Reaction

Cartilage

A

Light blue to Dark blue

39
Q

Stains used in Papanicolaou stain

A

Hematoxylin
OG-6
Eosine Azure

40
Q

for staining nuclear structures

A

Hematoxylin

41
Q

for staining cytoplasm of mature cells

A

Orange Green-6

42
Q

for staining cytoplasm of immature cells

A

Eosin Azure

43
Q

Composition Eosin Azure

A

Eosin
Bismarck brown
Lithium carbonate
PTA
Light green stain

44
Q

Chief solvents used for cells

A
  1. Water
  2. Alcohol
  3. Phenol
  4. Aniline water
45
Q

Appearance of Malarial pigments in tissue

A

Brownish black intercellular granules

46
Q

Removal of Malarial pigments

A

Alcoholic picric acid

47
Q

Appearance of Chromic fixatives pigments in tissue

A

Fine yellow-brown deposits

48
Q

Removal of **Chromic fixatives **

A

Acid alcohol

49
Q

Black granular deposits in tissue

A

Mercuric chloride pigments

50
Q

Removal of Mercuric chloride pigments

A

Alcoholic iodine

51
Q

Black precipitate appearance in tissue

A

Osmium tetroxide fixatives

52
Q

Removal of black precipitate in Osmium tetroxide fixatives pigments

A

Cold water

53
Q

Extracellular brownish black granules apperance in tissue is caused by?

A

Acid formaldehyde hematin (Formol heme pigment)

54
Q

Removal of Acid formaldehyde hematin pigments

A

Alcoholic picric acid or Alcoholic KOH (1% KOH in 80% Alcohol)

Histopathology (5 decks)

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