Stages of writing

Question 1

What are the 5 functions of writing?

Answer 1

1. Practical = reminders, notes
2. Job related = medical assessment
3. Stimulating = organise thoughts logically
4. Social = invitation, letter, thank you note
5. Therapeutic = express felings

Question 2

What are Barclay’s 7 stages of children’s writing?

Answer 2

1.Scribbling - random marks on page
2.Mock handwriting - lines of wavy scribbles that resembles writing
3.Mock letters - letters like shapes
4.Conventional letters - child’s first name
5.Invented spelling - cluster random letters to make words
6.Phonetic spelling - associate sounds & letters
7.Conventional spelling - becomes conventional

Question 3

What are Kroll’s 4 stages of writing development?

Answer 3

Preparatory (4-7) = basic motor skills develop & principles of spelling required
Consolidation (7-9) = express what can be said in speech, clauses linked with “and”, colloquialisms
Differentiation (9-10) = produce writing for different audiences, patterns & organisation, written work fuller & more diverse (draft work)
Intergration (11+) = understand mode & vary stylistic choices

Question 4

Stages of written lang development

Answer 4

• Pre-writing stage (up to age 4) = ~scribbles & drawing
  ~eventually mimicking adults’ writing but without comprehensible meaning
• Transitional stage (4-5) =
  ~begins to understand writing carries a message
  ~start writing letters (initially without clear connection to sounds)
• Early writing stage (5-6) =
  ~start forming sentences
  ~often phonetically based & with little regard for conventional spelling rules
• Progressive writing stage (6-7) = ~writing becomes more structured,
  ~spelling starts to adhere more closely to established conventions
• Consolidation stage (7+) =
  ~use increasingly complex sentence structures
  ~more accurate spelling
  ~start adopting their writing according to the audience & purpose