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Cardiology > Stable Angina > Flashcards

Stable Angina Flashcards

1
Q

Define stable angina

A

Symptomatic, reversible myocardial ischaemia that is induced by exertion and relieved by rest

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2
Q

What is the most common cause?

A

Atheroma

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3
Q

What are some non-modifiable risk factors of IHD?

A

FH, Age, ethnicity

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4
Q

What are the key presentations of typical angina?

A

Constricting/heavy discomfort to the chest, jaw, neck, shoulders or arms
Symptoms brought on by exertion
Symptoms relieved within 5 mins or rest or GTN

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5
Q

What are the key presentations of atypical angina?

A

2/3 of typical angina presentations

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6
Q

What are the key presentations of non-anginal chest pain?

A

0-1 of typical angina presentations

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7
Q

What symptoms are associated with angina?

A

Dyspnoea, nausea, sweatiness, faintness

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8
Q

What is the gold standard

investigation in typical and atypical angina?

A

CT coronary angiography

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9
Q

What is the first line investigation in IHD?

A

ECG

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10
Q

What are the differential dignoses?

A

Other anginas, MI, Pericarditis, PE, Pneumonia

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11
Q

What advice would you give when prescribing GTN?

A

When you get angina, take 1 spray and wait 5 minutes. If you still have pain take another dose and wait 5 minutes. If you still have pain call an ambulance

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12
Q

When would you prescribe ACEi?

A

If patient is diabetic

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13
Q

What is PCI?

A

Percutaneous coronary intervention

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14
Q

What happens during PCI?

A

Balloon is inflated inside of the vessel in order to open the lumen. A stent is then placed

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15
Q

What is CABG?

A

Coronary artery bypass graft

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16
Q

How is CABG better/worse than PCI?

A

Better - less likely to need repeat revascularisation

Worse - more invasive, slower recovery

17
Q

What are some modifiable risk factors of IHD?

A

Smoking, poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol, stress, HTN, obesity, DM

18
Q

What other tests would you do?

A

Lipid profile, FBC to exclude anaemia, HbA1c to exclude DM

19
Q

What antiplatelet therapy can you give in IHD?

A

Aspirin and clopidogrel/ticagrelor

20
Q

What lipid lowering therapy can you start in IHD?

A

Statin

21
Q

What should you control in IHD?

A

HTN, glucose

22
Q

What can provide short term symptomatic relief in stable angina?

A

GTN spray

23
Q

What can provide long term symptomatic relief in stable angina?

A

Beta blocker or CCB

24
Q

What framework is used to calculate risk of a heart attack?

A

QRISK2 score

Cardiology (23 decks)

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