SS3 Flashcards
The study of humanity
Anthropology
Anthropology
The study of humanity
Anthropology is a ______ field, which means that it draws methods and concepts from a BROAD RANGE OF SOURCES
holistic
holistic
Anthropology is a ______ field, which means that it draws methods and concepts from a BROAD RANGE OF SOURCES
__________ _______ studies the cultural organization of a specific group of people
cultural anthropology
cultural anthropology
__________ _______ studies the cultural organization of a specific group of people
Cultural anthropology relies heavily on ________
Observation
Observation
Cultural anthropology relies heavily on ________
________ ______ focuses on the development of the human race’s physical form
Physical anthropology
Physical anthropology
________ ______ focuses on the development of the human race’s physical form
The origin of cultural anthropology was in the rise of:
the military/economic European powers
the military/economic European powers
The origin of cultural anthropology was in the rise of:
Cultural anthropology arose in what era?
Victorian
Victorian
Cultural anthropology arose in what era?
Original goal of cultural anthropology?
To determine whether there was a single path of evolution for all cultures
To determine whether there was a single path of evolution for all cultures
Original goal of cultural anthropology?
___ ____ proposed that a culture is shaped by its immediate environment
Julian Steward
Julian Steward
___ ____ proposed that a culture is shaped by its immediate environment
First major development of cultural anthropology:In the twentieth century, modern anthropologists accepted/rejected the notion of a universal path of evolution
rejected
rejected
First major development of cultural anthropology:In the twentieth century, modern anthropologists accepted/rejected the notion of a universal path of evolution
An approach to anthropology that combines insights from multiple disciplines with extensive fieldwork
ethnography
ethnography
An approach to anthropology that combines insights from multiple disciplines with extensive fieldwork
The study of human history through the examination of material artifacts
archaeology
archaeology
The study of human history through the examination of material artifacts
What do archaeologists do?
Explain
Explain
What do archaeologists do?
The organized study of social phenomena
Sociology
Sociology
The organized study of social phenomena
Who coined the word sociology?
Auguste Comte
Auguste Comte
Who coined the word sociology?
The belief that only information gained through the scientific method was worthwhile, and everything else was just speculation
positivism
positivism
The belief that only information gained through the scientific method was worthwhile, and everything else was just speculation
A set of philosophical positions that claimed societies develop through the conflict of opposites
Dialectical materialism
Dialectical materialism
A set of philosophical positions that claimed societies develop through the conflict of opposites
Karl Marx saw most of history as the conflict between:
haves and have-nots
haves and have-nots
Karl Marx saw most of history as the conflict between:
A sociology approach that studies the role of power and conflict in social organizations
conflict theory
conflict theory
A sociology approach that studies the role of power and conflict in social organizations
Any group that organizes its members into roles and provides connections between them
social organization
social organization
Any group that organizes its members into roles and provides connections between them
Five major social organizations:
GovernmentsEducational institutionsReligious institutionsEconomic systemsFamily units
GovernmentsEducational institutionsReligious institutionsEconomic systemsFamily units
Five major social organizations:
The idea that societies act like a species of animal under the influence of natural selection
Darwinian model of social evolution
Darwinian model of social evolution
The idea that societies act like a species of animal under the influence of natural selection
Marxists say that the growth and development of societies are all on the same track (will all do the same things, etc.)
TRUE
TRUE
Marxists say that the growth and development of societies are all on the same track (will all do the same things, etc.)
Social stratification
Where there is a “hierarchy” of social classes (lower class, middle class, upper class, etc.)
Where there is a “hierarchy” of social classes (lower class, middle class, upper class, etc.)
Social stratification
The belief that one’s own cultural group is superior to others
Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism
The belief that one’s own cultural group is superior to others
A preconceived belief that judges other groups negatively
prejudice
prejudice
A preconceived belief that judges other groups negatively
Giving favor to your own society’s ideals
Sociological bias
Sociological bias
Giving favor to your own society’s ideals
Negative behavior toward another group based on some characteristic
discrimination
discrimination
Negative behavior toward another group based on some characteristic
Groups that comprise less than half the population
minorities
minorities
Groups that comprise less than half the population
The concept that social groups behave in a consistent way (negative or positive)
stereotyping
stereotyping
The concept that social groups behave in a consistent way (negative or positive)
The concept that says all cultures are equally valuable and should be studied from a neutral point of view
Cultural relativism
Cultural relativism
The concept that says all cultures are equally valuable and should be studied from a neutral point of view
This happens when small groups with separate cultures are accepted by the wider culture within that larger society
Cultural pluralism
Cultural pluralism
This happens when small groups with separate cultures are accepted by the wider culture within that larger society
Accepting a variety of cultures with the belief they should be equal
Multicultural diversity
Multicultural diversity
Accepting a variety of cultures with the belief they should be equal
