ss combined Flashcards
Rights of a citizen in a democracy
- Freedom to express yourself.- Freedom to worship as you wish.- Right to a prompt, fair trial by jury.- Right to vote in elections for public officials.- Right to apply for federal employment requiring U.S. citizenship.- Right to run for elected office.- Freedom to pursue “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”
Responsibilities of a citizen in a democracy
NAME?
United States Constitution
A document that embodies the fundamental laws and principles by which the United States is governed. It was drafted by the Constitutional Convention and later supplemented by the Bill of Rights and other amendments.
Declaration of Independence
The fundamental document establishing the United States as a nation, adopted on July 4, 1776. The declaration was ordered and approved by the Continental Congress and written largely by Thomas Jefferson.
Gettysburg Address
A speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. Lincoln was speaking at the dedication of a soldiers’ cemetery at the site of the Battle of Gettysburg.
Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony.
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, as a war measure during the American Civil War, directed to all of the areas in rebellion and all segments of the executive branch (including the Army and Navy) of the United States.
Fourteenth Amendment
An amendment to the United States Constitution, adopted in 1868. It was primarily concerned with details of reintegrating the southern states after the Civil War and defining some of the rights of recently freed slaves.
Westward Expansion
the populating (by Europeans) of the land within the continental boundaries of the mainland United States, a process that began shortly after the first colonial settlements were established along the Atlantic coast.
Industrialization
The process in which a society or country (or world) transforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services.
The Great Depression
the economic crisis and period of low business activity in the U.S. and other countries, roughly beginning with the stock-market crash in October, 1929, and continuing through most of the 1930s.
Louisiana Purchase
The purchase by the United States from France of the huge Louisiana Territory in 1803. President Thomas Jefferson ordered the purchase negotiations, fearing that the French, then led by Napoleon, wanted to establish an empire in North America.
Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.
Vietnam War
a conflict, starting in 1954 and ending in 1975, between South Vietnam (later aided by the U.S., South Korea, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, and New Zealand) and the Vietcong and North Vietnam.
American Revolution
the war between Great Britain and its American colonies, 1775–83, by which the colonies won their independence.
Cultural diversity
the existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society
Cultural diffusion
is the spread of cultural items—such as ideas, styles, religions, technologies, languages etc.—between individuals, whether within a single culture or from one culture to another
Cultural adaptation
is the process of ensuring your message, whether translated into another language or not, is presented using cultural references and role models that your intended audience will identify with
Acculturation
is a process in which members of one cultural group adopt the beliefs and behaviors of another group
Opportunity cost
the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen
Three-Fifths Compromise
was a compromise reached between delegates from southern states and those from northern states during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention. The debate was over if, and if so, how, slaves would be counted when determining a state’s total population for legislative representation and taxing purposes. The issue was important, as this population number would then be used to determine the number of seats that the state would have in the United States House of Representatives for the next ten years, and to determine what percentage of the nation’s direct tax burden the state would have to bear
Truman Doctrine
the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the communists as an open declaration of the Cold War
Tariffs
A tax imposed on imported goods and services. Tariffs are used to restrict trade, as they increase the price of imported goods and services, making them more expensive to consumers
Gettysburg Address
the notable short speech made by President Lincoln on November 19, 1863, at the dedication of the national cemetery at Gettysburg, Pa.
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, as a war measure during the American Civil War, directed to all of the areas in rebellion and all segments of the executive branch (including the Army and Navy) of the United States
The Trail of Tears
The route along which the United States government forced several tribes of Native Americans, including the Cherokees, Seminoles, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Creeks, to migrate to reservations west of the Mississippi River in the 1820s, 1830s, and 1840s
where are the himalayas located? what is the name of the highest point?
Asia- Nepal, india china, Pakistan, and BhutanHighest point: Everest
where are the andes mountains located? what is the name of the highest point?
South America- Argentina, Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Columbia, VenezuelaPeak: Aconcagua
where are the alps located? what is the name of the highest point?
Europe- France, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Austria, Germany, Slovenia, and LiechtensteinPeak: Mount Blanc
where are the rocky mountains located? what is the name of the highest point? why are they significant?
left side of the US: 3,000 miles north-to-south from new mexico, across the US into Montana, and well into CanadaPeak: Mount ElbertLongest mountain range in north America and second longest in the worldSmaller mountain ranges within include:-Big horn mountains, the front range, the Wasatch mountains, and the bitterroot range-National parks: yellowstone, rocky mountain, grand teton, and glacier
where are the appalachians located? what is the name of the highest point? why are they significant?
right side of the US- east coast; from northern Alabama to maineSmaller mountain ranges within include:-Smoky mountain, blue ridge mountains, green mountains, white mountains, Longfellow mountains, and the Berkshires
where are the sierra nevada mountains located? what is the name of the highest point? why are they significant?
west coast of the US; mostly in cali and some in NevadaPeak: mount whitneyHome to yosemite national park and lake tahoe
what are the names of the 5 great lakes?
(from left to right)SuperiorMichiganHuronEerieOntario
what are some of the geographical features that effected Napoleon and Hitler’s attempts to invade Russia?
(Hitler invaded Russia in WWII)Very poor road networkInclement weatherVery poor agricultural base
what is the panama canal? why is it important?
o Connects the pacific and atlantic oceans48 miles longImportant for international maritime tradeConstruction of the canal began in 1881 by France-There were engineering problems and too many people were dying due to disease-Construction stopped until the US took over in 1904 and it took 10 years to complete-The canal allowed ships to travel more safely and in half the time-In 1999 the Panamanian gov took control of the canal -Is one of the 7 wonders of the modern world-Many prospectors used this canal during the California gold rush
who is alexander the great? why is he important?
King of Macedonia (southeast Europe) from 336 to 323 BCHe united Greece, reestablished the Corinthian League and conquered the Persian EmpireBecame king of Persia, Babylon and Asia, and created Macedonian colonies in the region