Squamous carcinoma Flashcards
1
Q
What are risk factors for developing squamous cell carcinoma?
A
- Excessive exposure to sunligh
- Acitinic keratoses and Bowen’s disease
- Immunosuppression
- smoking
- long standing leg ulcer
- genetic conditions
2
Q
What are the clinical features of SCC?
A
- keratotic nodule
- Ill-defined borders
- May ulcerate
- May crust, bleed, itch and be painful
- Usually found in sun-exposed sites
- locally invasive
- may metastasise
3
Q
What is Bowen’s disease? Presenting features? Progresses to?
A
- SCC in situ
- Whole epidermis contains atypical keratinocytes
- slowly enlarging scaly erythematous plaque
- Progresses to SCC
4
Q
What is actinic keratosis? Presenting features? Progresses to?
A
- Most common SCC precursor
- Stratum basale contains atypical keratinocytes
- Erythematous, scaly papules or plaques
- Progresses to Bowen’s disease
5
Q
What is the treatment of SCC?
A
- Surgery
>Excision (gold standard)
>Curettage and cautery - Radiotherapy
- Cryotherapy (small SCCs)
6
Q
What are poor prognostic factors for SCC?
A
- Poor differentiated tumours
- > 20mm in diameter
- > 4mm in depth
- Immunosuppression
