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Dermatology > Derm emergencies > Flashcards

Derm emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

What is eczema herpeticum?

A

Complication of atopic eczema due to herpes simplex virus

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2
Q

What is the presentation of eczema herpeticum?

A
  • Extensive blisters and erosion

* Systemically unwell =fever and malaise

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3
Q

What is the treatment of eczema herpeticum?

A
  • Admit
  • Viral and bacterial swabs
  • IV aciclovir 48hrs
  • Treat 2ndary bacterial infection
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4
Q

What is morbilliform?

A
  • A skin reaction due to drugs

* Typer IV hypersensitivity reaction

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5
Q

What is the presentation of morbilliform?

A
  • 5-10days onset
  • Fever/malaise
  • maculopapular, symmetrical
  • Can progress to erythroderma/TEN
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6
Q

What is the management of morbilliform?

A
  • Stop likely offending drug
  • Bloods
  • Supportive treatment: antihistamine, emollients/soap, topical steroid
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7
Q

What is DRESS reaction?

A
  • Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms
  • skin reaction
  • Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction
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8
Q

What is the presentation of DRESS?

A
  • Widespread rash
  • Pustules
  • Erythroderma
  • multi organ involvement: hepatitis, pericarditis, lymphadenopathy, pneumonitis, interstitial nephritis
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9
Q

What is the diagnostic criteria for DRESS?

A
  • Hospitalisation
  • Suspected drug reaction
  • Acute skin rash
  • Fever >38
  • Lymphadenopathy at 2 sites
  • At least 1 organ involved
  • thrombocytopenia/eosinophilia
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10
Q

What is the management of DRESS?

A

*Admit
*Stop offending drug
*Supportive treatment:
>Antihistamine
>emollients
>topical steroids
*Refere to derm

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11
Q

What is erythroderma?

A

*Intense, widespread reddening of skin due to inflammatory skin disease
“red man syndrome”

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12
Q

What is the presentation of erythroderma?

A
  • Acute/chronic
  • Widespread redness
  • exfoliation of skin surface
  • Pruritis
  • hair loss
  • hyperkeratosis palms
  • lymphadenopathy
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13
Q

What is the management of erythroderma?

A
  • Admit
  • skin swab and bloods
  • Bland emollients
  • Thermoregulation
  • Fluid balance
  • Antibiotics
  • Antihistamines
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14
Q

What is the presentation of steven johnsons syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)?

A

*Widespread blisters, predominant on trunk & face
*Erythematous or pruritic macules
*Targetoid lesions
*Mucous membrane involvement
*Epidermal detachment:
<10% SJS
>30% in TEN

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15
Q

What is the cause of stevens johnson syndrome/TEN?

A
  • Drugs

* HLA genetic association

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16
Q

What is the management of steven johnsons syndrome?

A
  • Urgent referral to derm & critical care
  • Supportive care: HDU & Burns unit
  • Wound care
  • Treat complications

Dermatology (10 decks)

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