Spring Quiz I

Question 1

Functions of the basal nuclei/ganglia in the telencephalon?

Answer 1

Subconcious motor control and muscle tone

Contains olfactory bulbs

Question 2

Functions of the epithalamus (Diencephalon)? Type of nuclei?

Answer 2

Habenular nuclei involved in emotional and visceral responses to odors
Pineal body

Question 3

Functions of the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus? (Diencephalon)

Answer 3

Mamillary bodies involved in olfactory reflexes and emotional response to odors

Question 4

Basic functions of the hypothalamus? (Diencephalon)

Answer 4

Controls and integrates ANS
Visceral activity
Intermediary b/w nervous and endocrine systems
Controls normal body temp.
Maintains ECF volume
Biorhythm oscillator

Question 5

Functions of the cerebellum? (Metencephalon of the Rhombencephalon)

Answer 5

Coordinates skeletal muscle movements
Maintains equilibrium and posture
Synergic control and muscle activity

Question 6

What are the functions of the nuclei, pyramids, olives or the myelencephalon of the rhombencephalon? What vital reflex and nonvital centers does it contain?

Answer 6

Nuclei = vestibular nuclear complex (balance and equilibrium), sensory nuclei
Pyramids = lateral corticospinal tracts (from CSF to spinal cords)
Olives = site of nuclei related to cerebellum

Vital reflex centers = cardiac, vasomotor, centers related to respiration

Nonvital centers = vomiting, hiccuping, etc.

Question 7

What nuclei and centers does the pons of the metencephalon contain?

Answer 7

Nuclei = CN nuclei V-VIIII, pontine nuclei (relay b/w cerebrum and cerebellum)
Centers = sleep and respiratory centers

Question 8

Which CN are involved with the nuclei of the mesencephalon? What reflex centers are involved with the tectum (roof)?

Answer 8

CN III, IV
Superior colliculi = visual reflexes
Inferior colliculi = auditory and olfactory reflexes

Question 9

Functions of the thalamus? (Diencephalon)

Answer 9

Major relay center for afferent and efferent info. to and from cerebrum and other areas of the brain

Question 10

What does white and gray matter contain

Answer 10

white -myelinated axons

gray-unmyelinated axons, cell bodies, dendrites

Question 11

White and Gray ramus communicans

Answer 11

White - myelinated, preganglionic fibers

Gray - unmyelinated, postganglionic fibers

Question 12

Components of the reflex arc

Answer 12

Efferent/Motor Pathway - somatic and visceral
Afferent/Sensory Pathway - somatic and visceral
Association Neurons/Interneurons

Question 13

Synapse Components

Answer 13

Presynaptic membrane
Synaptic cleft
Postsynaptic membrane
Monosynaptic pathway - single pathway (afferent & efferent)
Polysynaptic pathway - involve interneurons

Question 14

Define electrotonic conduction

Answer 14

A local potential that does not generate an AP