Clicker Qs & Last Minute Material Flashcards
Which of the following characteristics would be true of cardiac muscle cells but not skeletal muscle fibers?
- Cells have the sarcomeric banded pattern
- Cells utilize T-tubules
- Cells are mononucleated
- Cells utilize ryanodine channels
Cells are mononucleated
The resting potential of -85mV is characteristic of which of the following phases of the cardiac fast AP?
- Stage 1
- Stage 2
- Stage 3
- Stage 4
Stage 4
An increase in the production of TSH releasing factor results in an increase in the release of TSH, which results in the release of more thyroxine, which results in a decrease in the production of TSH releasing factor. Is this a (-) or (+) feedback loop?
Negative; the increase in thyroxine results in a decrease in the production of TSH releasing factor. Overall decreasing effect.
Which of the following would have to be a transmembrane protein?
- A receptor protein
- A protein binding to a cytoskeleton
- A channel protein
- A phosphorylase
A channel protein
Provide two examples of negative feedback
- TSH releasing hormone
- Arterial blood pressure via baroreceptors
Intracellular components of the cell consists of all the following except:
- Ca2+
- K+
- Phosphate (PO4)
- Organic anions
Ca2+
Is the negative feedback loop stabilizing or destabilizing?
Stabilizing
Negative feedback loops ____ the original change while positive feedback loops ____ the original change
Decrease; Enhance
What is the role of GPI?
Loosely attaches peripheral proteins to the phospholipid bilayer membrane; Glycophosphatidylinositol anchored proteins
Can lipid soluble molecules pass the cellular membrane?
Yes; think of the fatty acid tails
Which organelle(s) is/are associated with intracellular trafficking?
Golgi, ER, lysosomes
Which organelle(s) is/are associated with most ATP production?
Mitochondria
The Na+-Ca2+ pump is an example of which of the following:
- Diffusion
- Primary active
- Secondary active
- Facilitated diffusion
Secondary active
Of the following ions, which is the most concentrated in the ECM?
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Chloride
- Calcium
Sodium
The Na+-K+ pump is an example of which of the following kinds of transport?
- Diffusion
- Primary active transport
- Secondary active transport
- Facilitated diffusion
Primary active transport
Gucose transporters (GLUT transporters) employ which of the following:
- Diffusion
- Primary active
- Secondary active
- Facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Which of the following transport mechanisms requires energy other than KE?
- Osmosis
- Diffusion
- Active transport
- Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
The sodium glucose pump is an example of which of the following?
- Diffusion
- Primary active transport
- Secondary active
- Facilitated diffusion
Secondary active
Define “kinetic energy” and “thermal energy” and explain how these relate to molecular movement
- KE = energy via motion
- TE = movement via heat
- These are the way in which molecules move
Is osmosis selective?
Yes; semipermeable membrane
What causes osmotic pressure?
When water moves from one side of a membrane to another and accumulates there due to [] differences
Define Van’t Hoff’s law
Osmotic pressure depends on the [osmotically active particles]
What type of channels are aquaporins?
Integral membrane Non-gated channels
What are multiporters?
Secondary active transporters (ATP indirectly)
- Symporters (cotransporters)
- Antiporters (countertransporters/exchangers)