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Physical Education > Sports Psychology > Flashcards

Sports Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

what is a skill

A

A skill is learned actions or learned behaviours with the intention of bringing about predetermined results with maximum certainty and the minimum outlay of time and energy

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2
Q

what is an ability

A

An ability is inherited, stable traits that determine an individual’s potential to learn or acquire a skill

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3
Q

what does SMART stand for?

A 
Specific
Measurable
Accepted
Realistic
Time-bound
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4
Q

What does Specific mean?

A

Specific means the goal must be specific to the demands of the sport, the muscles used or the movements used

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5
Q

What does Measurable mean?

A

Measurable means it must be possible to measure whether the goals set have been met

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6
Q

What does Accepted mean?

A

Accepted means these goals must be accepted by the performer and any others involved in setting the goals, such as a coach or teacher

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7
Q

What does Realistic mean?

A

Realistic means the goals must actually be possible to complete or achieve

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8
Q

What does Time-bound mean?

A

Time-bound is a set period of time must be imposed

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9
Q

what are the 2 types of goal setting

A

performance goals

outcome goals

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10
Q

What is a performance goal

A

Performance goals are personal standards to be achieved. This type of goal is when performers compare themselves against what they have already done. There is no comparison to other performers.

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11
Q

what is an outcome goal

A

Outcome goals are where the focus is on the end result, such as winning

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12
Q

What are the different types of classification of skills

A

Basic/ complex
open/ closed
self-paced/ externally paced
Gross/ fine

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13
Q

What are basic/ complex skills

A

basic skills: walking, jogging, jumping throwing

complex skills: pole vault

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14
Q

what are open/ closed skills

A

An open skill is performed in a certain way to deal with a changing/ unstable environment
A closed skill is not affected by the environment, the skill tends to be performed the same way each time

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15
Q

Examples of open/ closed skills

A

A footballer taking part in a match is in a constantly changing environment
A trampolinist’s environment doesn’t change and performs the skill the same each time

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16
Q

What are Self-paced/ externally paced skills

A

A self paced skill is one which is started when the performer decides to start it. Eg: tennis serve you decide when to throw the ball up

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17
Q

Example of Self-paced/ externally paced skills

A

Eg: tennis serve you decide when to throw the ball up

Eg: receiving the ball from a tennis serve would be started by your opponent serving to you

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18
Q

what are gross/ fine skills

A

A gross movement is when a large amount of muscles/ muscle groups to perform big movements
A fine movement is a small and precise showing high levels of accuracy

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19
Q

examples of fine/ gross movement

A

Eg: lay-up shot in basketball
Eg: A net drop volley in doubles tennis

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20
Q

Define input

A

Input is what has been received from sight hearing and touch

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21
Q

Define Decision making

A

Decision making is where the performer has to make a choice or response from their memory short term or long term

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22
Q

Define Output

A

Output is when the information that’s been processed is sent to the muscles in order to be able to carry selected and desired response.

23
Q

Define Feedback

A

Feedback is received by performers themselves intrinsic or extrinsic feedback`

24
Q

What are the different types of guidance

A

Visual
verbal
manual
mechanical

25
Q

what is short term memory

A

short term memory is when it’s retained for about 30 seconds

26
Q

What is long term memory

A

long term memory is when it’s retained from as far as months or years ago

27
Q

what is intrinsic feedback

A

Intrinsic feedback is when you receive feedback from your muscles telling you if you’ve done it right or wrong

28
Q

what is extrinsic feedback

A

Extrinsic is when you receive feedback from a coach or teacher

29
Q

What are the different types of feedback?

A

Positive negative
Knowledge of results
Knowledge of performance
Extrinsic intrinsic feedback

30
Q

What is positive/ negative feedback

A

positive is telling the performer what is good about their performance
negative is telling the performer what is bad about their performance

31
Q

What is knowledge of results feedback

A

this is the feedback the performer gets through the end result of their performance or by being told that by an observer

32
Q

What is knowledge of performance feedback

A

this is how the performer feels about their actions from the performance that has just taken place

33
Q

What is Extrinsic/ intrinsic feedback

A

either from themselves (intrinsic) or from others (extrinsic)

34
Q

what is arousal

A

A physical and mental state of alertness or readiness varying from deep sleep to intense excitement or alertness

35
Q

What do gross movement skills require

A

large muscle groups to perform big strong powerful movements

36
Q

what do fine movement skills require

A

small and precise movements that require high levels of accuracy on co-ordination

37
Q

What arousal level do gross movements require

A

higher levels or arousal

38
Q

What arousal level do fine movements require

A

lower levels of arousal

39
Q

What are the 3 types of stress management

A

Deep breathing
mental rehearsal
positive self talk

40
Q

What do you do in mental rehearsal

A

Cognitive relaxation techniques involving control of mental thoughts and imagining positive outcomes

41
Q

What do you do in positive self talk

A

developing cognitive positive thoughts about your own performance

42
Q

What is stress

A

Physical, mental or emotional strain or tension

43
Q

What are the two types of aggression

A

direct aggression

indirect aggression

44
Q

What is direct aggression

A

this is aimed directly at another player or performer and it involves some form of physical contact`

45
Q

what is indirect aggression

A

This is aggression does not involve any physical contact. this aggression is taken out on an object. Eg@ tennis ball

46
Q

What are the two types of personalities

A

Extrovert

introvert

47
Q

What is an extrovert

A 
enjoy interacting with others
sociable
tend to play in team games
concentration levels are lower
gross skills are commonly used
48
Q

What is an introvert

A

shy and quiet
enjoy being on their own
play individual sports where concentration and fine skills are required

49
Q

What are the two types of motivation

A

Intrinsic

extrinsic

50
Q

What is intrinsic motivation

A

self drive from within: Pride satisfaction

If a runner gets a new PB is an example of extrinsic motivation

51
Q

what is extrinsic motivation

A

Drive to perform well or to win in order to gain external rewards such as money. This is provided from another source/ person

52
Q

Positives of intrinsic motivation

A

It’s more effective so it’s more commonly used

more likely to lead to continued effort and participation

53
Q

Positives/ negatives of extrinsic motivation

A

the overuse of extrinsic motivation can undermine the benefits of using intrinsic feedback
a performer can be reliant on extrinsic motivation

Physical Education (8 decks)

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