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Physical Education > Health And Fitness > Flashcards

Health And Fitness Flashcards

1
Q

What are the benefits of physical health and well being

A

Reducing risk of some illnesses
helps avoid obesity
improves heart function

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2
Q

What is serotonin

A

A chemical that is responsible for maintaining mood balance

a deficit of serotonin can lead to depession

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3
Q

What are the benefits of mental health and well being

A

lowers the level of stress and tension
releases feel good hormones such as serotonin
helps with controlling emotions

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4
Q

What are the benefits of social health and well being

A

Make friends and socialise
involved in team work
actively involved in cooperation with other people

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5
Q

What is general fitness

A

the level of fitness suitable for a beginner standard performer

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6
Q

what is specific fitness

A

the level of fitness required for an elite standard performer in the same activity

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7
Q

How can obesity effect the components of fitness

A 
It limits:
stamina and CV
flexibility
agility
speed and power
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8
Q

How can obesity effect physical factors

A 
It increases:
chances of cancer
heart disease and heart attacks
chance of diabetes
high cholesterol
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9
Q

How can obesity effect mental factors

A

it increases:
causes ill health
chances of depression
loss of confidence

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10
Q

How can obesity effect social factors

A

It could causes an inability:
to socialise
leave home (only in extreme cases)

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11
Q

What percentages should a balanced diet contain

A

55-60% carbohydrates
25-30% fat
15-20% protein

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12
Q

Why should you have a balanced diet

A
  • unused energy is stored as fat which could cause obesity
  • suitable energy can be available for activity
  • the body needs nutrients for energy growth and hydration
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13
Q

Are saturated fats better than unsaturated fats

A

no unsaturated fats are good for you

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14
Q

What’s the main energy source for the body

A

Carbohydrates

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of carbohydrates

A

simple carbs

complex carbs

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16
Q

Where are carbohydrates stored and what are they stored as

A

They’re stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles

17
Q

What do endurance athletes often do before an event

A

They carbo-load in order to increase their energy levels before a competition

18
Q

What are the 2 sources of protein and give an example

A

Animal protein - fish, chicken, red meat

vegetable protein - beans, grains, eggs, milk, cheese

19
Q

Do you need large or small amounts of vitamins

A

Only small amounts of vitamins are needed

20
Q

What is Vitamin A and what does it do

A

a fat-soluble found in milk and dairy products

Helps maintain healthy skin eyes and bones

21
Q

why are minerals good

A

essential for health and bone and connective tissue formation

22
Q

Examples of minerals and what they do

A

Iodine - hormone formation, from the thyroid gland
Iron - needed for the transport of O2 by red blood cells
calcium - contained in: dark green leafy veg, broccoli, milk products and salmon

23
Q

What are the 3 different types of fat

A

saturated
monounsaturated
polyunsaturated

24
Q

Where are the commonly found

A 
cheese
cream
meat
cooking oils
butter
margarine
25
Q

What is viscosity

A

Thickening of the blood

26
Q

What will effect how much water you have to take in

A

intensity of any work or exercise being carried out
time spend exercising
temperature and humidity of your environment

27
Q

What will happen when you become dehydrated

A

-blood thickening (slows blood flow)
-increases heart rate could result in an irregular heart rate/ rhythm
increased body temperature
muscle fatigue or cramps

28
Q

What factors effect the Kcal intake

A

age
height
gender
exercise

29
Q

Should you eat before an activity

A

you shouldn’t eat to close before an activity, ideally you shouldn’t eat within 2 hours of the activity

30
Q

Should you eat during an activity

A

it ins’t recommended but a banana in small quantities is alright

31
Q

Should you eat after an activity

A

you should wait 2 hours after the activity before eating substantial amounts

32
Q

Ectomorph somatotypes physique

A

Narrow shoulders and hips
tall lightly muscled
good at endurance events

33
Q

Mesomorph somatotypes physique

A

muscular appearance
wide shoulders narrow hips
little body fat
good at strength and power sports

34
Q

Endomorph somatotypes physique

A

pear shaped body wide hips
trouble losing weight but can gain muscle
ideal sports don’t require high levels of speed or mobility

35
Q

What percentage of carbs should you have

A

55-60%

36
Q

What percentage of protein should you have

A

15-20%

37
Q

What percentage of fats should you have

A

20-35%

Physical Education (8 decks)

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