Sports Nutrition Quiz 4

Question 1

Would it make a difference in body composition if a person consumed their entire energy in 2 meals vs 6 meals?

Answer 1

eating 6 meals per day could help sustain the muscle mass and avoid enlarging the fat mass

Question 2

What is essential fat?

Answer 2

minimum body fat necessary for proper physiological functioning

Question 3

Essential fat in adult females is estimated to be ~___% of total body weight.

Answer 3

12

Question 4

If a female exhibits an “android” rather than “gynoid” pattern of fat distribution, the likely reason(s) are:

Answer 4

genetics, menopause, and obesity

Question 5

How does fat stored in the abdominal area differ from fat stored in the hips and thighs?

Answer 5

fat in the abdominal area is metabolically more active

Question 6

Which of the following is a true statement?

Answer 6

muscle mass is one component of lean body mass

Question 7

Based on body shape, an individual who is stocky and has a tendency to gain body fat deep in the abdomen would be classified as a(n):

Answer 7

endomorph

Question 8

The most appropriate use of body mass index (BMI) is to determine:

Answer 8

potential health risks in the general population

Question 9

Which method measures body fat directly?

Answer 9

chemical analysis of cadavers

Question 10

What is the Standard Error of the Estimate (SEE)?

Answer 10

a measure of the accuracy of predictions

Question 11

The standard error in underwater weighing is approximately:

Answer 11

2.7%

Question 12

An athlete is underwater weighed and is told that he is 13% body fat. How should he interpret this information?

Answer 12

his percentage of body fat is between 10.3% and 15.7%

Question 13

Which of the following is a source of error in determining body composition by underwater weighing?

Answer 13

subject movement in the water when being weighed; subject’s inability to exhale as much air as possible; inability to determine subject’s residual volume accurately

Question 14

Determination of body composition by skinfold measurements is based upon the assumption that:

Answer 14

the amount of fat under the skin in specific locations is closely related to total body fat

Question 15

Body composition determination by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is based upon the:

Answer 15

amount of electrical current that flows through body tissues such as fat and muscle

Question 16

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) determines which of the following body composition components that cannot be determined by other commonly used methods?

Answer 16

bone density

Question 17

Under most circumstances, people trying to achieve an ideal body composition and weight would do best by staying + or - 400 kcal of energy balance, because this has the effect of…

Answer 17

helping to maintain metabolic mass; lowering fat mass; controlling the endocrine system in a way that reduces fat storage and muscle loss

Question 18

Using the formula listed below, calculate the target body weight of a female soccer player currently weighing 134 lb and having 18% body fat but wishing to be 15% body fat. Assume that all weight lost is stored fat.
Target body weight = current weight of FFM (lb)/1-desired % body fat

Answer 18

129

Question 19

Of the following, which type of exercise training is most beneficial for increasing muscle mass?

Answer 19

moderate intensity, high volume strength training

Question 20

As a “rule of thumb” estimate, athletes who wish to increase muscle mass should increase daily energy intake by approximately ___ kcal.

Answer 20

400

Question 21

Approximately how much additional protein is needed per day to support the growth of one pound of muscle tissue per week (assume sufficient kcal and resistant exercise)?

Answer 21

14 g

Question 22

Weight cycling is defined as:

Answer 22

repeated weight loss and gain

Question 23

Diets that result in large daily energy balance deficits are likely to be associated with:

Answer 23

loss of muscle and increase in fat mass

Question 24

Obesity in the US is increasing regardless of income and regardless of education.

Answer 24

true

Question 25

How do the terms eating disorder and disordered eating compare?

Answer 25

an eating disorders has specified criteria but disordered eating is not well defined

Question 26

Why are eating disorders classified as psychiatric diseases?

Answer 26

the fundamental causes involve issues such as body image and control

Question 27

An individual demonstrates some signs of both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa but does not fully meet the criteria for either. How would this condition be characterized?

Answer 27

eating disorder not otherwise specified

Question 28

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with anorexia athletica?

Answer 28

lifelong struggle with abnormal eating patterns

Question 29

In which sport are athletes likely to meet the criteria for anorexia athletica but rarely for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa?

Answer 29

wrestling

Question 30

Why are wrestlers who restrict food and purge to “make weight” not considered to have an eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS)?

Answer 30

they only behave this way during wrestling season; they do not base their self-esteem on weight; and they fall within the normal range on tests of eating attitudes.

Question 31

Which condition listed below is the most prevalent in athletes?

Answer 31

disordered eating

Question 32

What is the prevalence of bulimia nervosa in females?

Answer 32

1-3%

Question 33

What is the expected impact on the following conditions when disordered eating or eating disorders are present over many years? muscle mass:

Answer 33

likely to decline

Question 34

What is the expected impact on the following conditions when disordered eating or eating disorders are present over many years? bone density:

Answer 34

likely to decline

Question 35

What is the expected impact on the following conditions when disordered eating or eating disorders are present over many years? metabolic rate:

Answer 35

likely to decline

Question 36

What is the expected impact on the following conditions when disordered eating or eating disorders are present over many years? long term performance:

Answer 36

likely to decline

Question 37

What is the expected impact on the following conditions when disordered eating or eating disorders are present over many years? need for treatment:

Answer 37

likely to increase

Question 38

What is the expected impact on the following conditions when disordered eating or eating disorders are present over many years? time spent in a treatment program:

Answer 38

likely to increase

Question 39

If the presence of an eating disorder is suspected, which is the most appropriate course of action for a coach to take?

Answer 39

immediately refer to a trained professional for further evaluation

Question 40

What are the three distinct but interrelated factors associated with the Female Athlete Triad?

Answer 40

energy availability, hormonal disruption, and low bone mineral density