Sports Nutrition Quiz 2 Flashcards
Complex carbohydrate is a
polysaccharide
Fructose is a
monosaccharide
Muscle glycogen is a
polysaccharide
Lactose is a
disaccharide
Sucrose is a
disaccharide
Starch is a
polysaccharide
Glucose is a
monosaccharide
Fiber is a
polysaccharide
Why are many people unable to digest milk sugar?
they have a lactase deficiency
The physiological response to hyperglycemia resulting from the consumption of carbohydrate-containing foods
stimulation of beta cells in the pancreas and the secretion of insulin
What is gluconeogenesis?
the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
The recommended minimum amount of daily carbohydrate for athletes in training
5 g/kg
Carbohydrate that is consumed during endurance exercise appears to delay fatigue by
providing a steady supply of glucose that exercising muscle can use
The chemical composition of proteins differs from carbohydrate or fat because of the presence of
nitrogen
The factors that determine protein quality
amount and type of amino acids
To provide a protein-sparing effect, the athlete needs to consume sufficient
energy from carbohydrate and fat
Which athlete would use protein as an energy source to the greatest extent?
endurance athlete
It is best to consume a large dose of protein at one time to optimize its anabolic potential.
false
Which athlete would use protein as an energy source to the greatest extent?
endurance athlete
The amount of protein recommended daily for strength athletes on a kg of body weight basis
1.2 to 1.7 g
What is the “anabolic window?”
a post-exercise state that favors muscle recovery and growth
Long-term high protein intake may negatively affect the health of which organ?
kidney
The three major lipids in human nutrition
triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids
The fat that contains only one double bond between carbons
monounsaturated fat
An example of a food containing predominantly saturate fat
butter
An example of a food containing predominantly monounsaturated fat
olive oil
Cholesterol is found in foods from
animal sources only
The type of fat that appears to have no nutritional benefit
trans fatty acids
What happens to oils when they are hydrogenated?
the oils become more solid
With the onset of moderate-intensity, steady-state exercise, approximately how long does it take for fat oxidation to reach its maximal rate of activity?
10 to 20 minutes
An amino acid molecule has the following features
an amine group on one end, and a carboxylic acid group on the other end
Histidine is considered to be a “semiessential” amino acid in children, because the pathway for making it is not fully developed.
true
Overconsumption of protein may pose a higher risk of _____ and ______.
kidney problems; reduced bone density
Kwashiorkor, a protein deficiency disease, is associated with all of the following except
blindness
The vitamin associated with deamination and transamination reactions of protein metabolism is
B6
Of the following, which is considered an abnormal outcome for glucose
excretion in the urine
One difference between epinephrine and glucagon is that glucagon can more rapidly break down glycogen to glucose.
false
Of the following, which is the least sweet tasting?
lactose
Of the following, which results in the lowest (bacterially produced) acid level in the mouth.
xylitol
