Sports Nutrition Quiz 3

Question 1

On average, an adult’s body contains approximately ____% water (by weight).

Answer 1

60

Question 2

In which compartment is the largest amount of body fluid stored?

Answer 2

intracellular fluid

Question 3

What is interstitial fluid?

Answer 3

fluid surrounding the cells

Question 4

The primary cation in extracellular fluid:

Answer 4

sodium

Question 5

The primary cation in intracellular fluid:

Answer 5

potassium

Question 6

If the osmolarity of intracellular fluid (ICF) is higher than extracellular fluid (ECF), what is the tonicity of the blood?

Answer 6

the blood is hypotonic to the ICF

Question 7

When an athlete sweats heavily, what happens to the osmolarity of the blood?

Answer 7

osmolarity increases

Question 8

Which accounts for the largest amount of water loss in an athlete exercising in the heat?

Answer 8

skin

Question 9

When an athlete sweats heavily, how does body water shift?

Answer 9

water moves from the ICF in the ECF

Question 10

Hypohydration initially occurs in:

Answer 10

extracellular fluid

Question 11

Which of the following foods are good sources of potassium?

Answer 11

banana, orange juice, and avocado

Question 12

Which of the following is a true statement regarding thirst in athletes?

Answer 12

thirst is a reflection of hypohydration

Question 13

Wearing uniforms and protective gear while exercising in the heat typically:

Answer 13

restricts the evaporation of sweat and results in body temperature rising

Question 14

The compound present in the largest amount in sweat:

Answer 14

sodium

Question 15

Athletes participating in which sport need to be the most concerned about consuming fluids that contain sodium to offset the amount being lost in sweat?

Answer 15

marathon running

Question 16

Heat cramps (total body cramping when exercising in the heat) in athletes who are “salty sweaters” appears to be caused by:

Answer 16

large losses of fluid and sodium

Question 17

The term voluntary dehydration refers to athletes engaged in exercise who are:

Answer 17

unable or unwilling to consume sufficient fluid to offset fluid loss

Question 18

Two factors that may be associated with hyponatremia:

Answer 18

large losses of sodium in sweat and excessive water intake

Question 19

Which of the following is a general function of vitamin C?

Answer 19

antioxidant agent

Question 20

The vitamin associated with amino acid metabolism:

Answer 20

vitamin B6

Question 21

The vitamin contained in coenzymes necessary for oxidation-reduction reactions in the production of ATP, and is associated with photophobia.

Answer 21

Riboflavin

Question 22

The vitamin that acts like a hormone:

Answer 22

Vitamin D

Question 23

Which vitamin forms a part of coenzyme A?

Answer 23

pantothenic acid

Question 24

The main function of vitamin E is to act as a(n):

Answer 24

antioxidant

Question 25

The vitamin(s) associated with anemia:

Answer 25

vitamin B12 and folic acid

Question 26

Which of the following functions is shared by beta-carotene and vitamin E?

Answer 26

inhibition of oxidation

Question 27

Night blindness is associated with a clinical deficiency of:

Answer 27

vitamin A

Question 28

The athlete who is most likely to manifest a clinical vitamin deficiency:

Answer 28

one with a severe eating disorder

Question 29

When supplemented at high doses, this vitamin may be toxic to nervous tissue:

Answer 29

vitamin B6

Question 30

Athletes generally consume sufficient thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin if they also consume sufficient:

Answer 30

energy

Question 31

How are vitamin C and vitamin E related?

Answer 31

vitamin C regenerates vitamin E after it has been oxidized

Question 32

How do minerals differ from water-soluble vitamins?

Answer 32

minerals are not well absorbed; water-soluble vitamins are well absorbed

Question 33

A mineral that is under substantial hormonal control:

Answer 33

calcium

Question 34

The mineral most closely associated with proper immune function:

Answer 34

zinc

Question 35

The two most likely sources of larger-than-normal mineral losses in athletes:

Answer 35

urine and sweat

Question 36

The most prevalent clinical mineral deficiencies in industrialized countries:

Answer 36

iron and calcium

Question 37

Bone forming cells are known as:

Answer 37

osteoblasts

Question 38

The hormone that influences proper bone development:

Answer 38

vitamin D

Question 39

Why is iron not well absorbed from the intestinal tract?

Answer 39

over-absorption of iron has potentially harmful physiological effects

Question 40

What is myoglobin?

Answer 40

iron-containing protein found in muscle fibers