Sport Psychology - Achievement Motivation Flashcards
Define motivation
A drive to succeed
Name 2 types of motivation
Intrinsic motivation
Extrinsic motivation
Name 2 types of extrinsic motivation
Tangible rewards
Intangible rewards
Define intrinsic motivation
A drive to succeed from within
Define extrinsic motivation
A drive to succeed from an external source
Define tangible rewards
A type of extrinsic motivation
Can be touched or held
Define intangible rewards
A type of extrinsic motivation
A reward that is non-physical
Give an example of some tangible rewards
Trophies
Money
Medals
Give an example of intangible rewards
Praise from a coach or fan
Which is thought to be better in the long-term for a performer, intrinsic or extrinsic motivation? Why?
Intrinsic
It is stronger and longer lasting
Name 3 negative effects of extrinsic motivation
- It may lose its value
- Players may complete solely because of the extrinsic rewards
- Can increase pressure and lead to cheating
- May undermine intrinsic motivation
Nam 3 ways that a coach can improve motivation
- Offer rewards
- Make tasks fun and enjoyable
- Point out health benefits
- Break skill into sub-routines
- Use role models
- Praise
- Attribution re-training
- SMART goals
What kind of approach is achievement motivation? Why
Interactionist
Dependent on personality and environment
According to achievement motivation, what two types of behaviour can a performer show?
Nach/Approach
Naf/Avoidance
How can achievement motivation be calculated
Desire to succeeWd - Fear of failure
What is desire to succeed dictated by?
Incentive value of success
What is fear of failure dictated by?
Probability of success
When will a performer show Nach behaviour?
If their desire to succeed outweight their fear of failure
When will a performer show Naf behaviour?
If their fear of failure outweighs their desire to succeed
Name 3 characteristics of a Nach performer
- Enjoy competition
- Takes risks
- High confidence levels
- High levels of task persistence
- Attribute success to internal factors
- Enjoy feedback
Name 3 characteristics of a Naf performer
- Low task persistance
- Do not like feedback
- Takes easy option
Name 3 ways a coach can develop approach behaviour
- Reinforcement
- Attribution retraining
- Allow Success
- Goal setting
According to achievement goal theory, what is the problem with outcome goals
If the performer does not reach their goal, they will lose confidence
According to achievement goal theory, what kind of goals should be set?
Task-related goals
