Sport And Society

Question 1

What is socialisation

Answer 1

A lifelong process where members of a society learn it’s norms, values ideas practices and roles in order to take their place in that society.

Question 2

What is society?

Answer 2

An organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest.

Question 3

What is internalisation?

Answer 3

The learning of values or attitudes that are incorporated within yourself.

Question 4

Define ‘Social change’

Answer 4

An alteration in the social order of a society.

Question 5

What is Social control?

Answer 5

A concept that refers to the way in which peoples thoughts, feelings, appearance and behaviours are regulated in the social system.

Question 6

What is gender socialisation

Answer 6

The act of learning to conform to culturally defined gender roles through socialisation.

Question 7

Define ‘Institution’

Answer 7

An established organisation founded for religious, educational, professional or social purpose.

Question 8

Define social issues.

Answer 8

Pronlems that affect many people in society.

Question 9

What is inequality?

Answer 9

The unfair situation where resources or opportunities are distributed unevenly within societies.

Question 10

What are social structures?

Answer 10

An organised pattern of social relationships and institutions that make up society; class is common structure in UK.

Question 11

Define stratification

Answer 11

A system of rankings within society, e.g. by wealth, power, etc.

Question 12

Define social class?

Answer 12

A term used to define social inequalities, e.g. certain groups have more access to wealth, income and power than other. Factors which contribute to social class include a person’s job, family background, education and income.

Question 13

How can activity participation be affected by social class?

Answer 13

Activities may be negatively affected by working class expectations. (For example, carrying out domestic responsibilities, looking after siblings, household chores.)

Question 14

What are sports clubs?

Answer 14

Economic inequalities are also likely to impact on members of sports clubs, more middle and upper class.

Question 15

What is primary socialisation?

Answer 15

This refers to socialisation during the early years of childhood which takes place mainly within the immediate family (i.e mother,
father, brothers, sisters).

Question 16

What is secondary socialisation?

Answer 16

This occurs during the later years (e.g as teenagers and adults) when the
family is less involved and other ‘agencies’ are deliberately set up for the
socialisation process and begin to exert more and more influence (e.g, peer
groups, friends, schools).

Question 17

What is gender socialisation?

Answer 17

Involves the learning of behaviour and attitudes historically considered
appropriate for a given sex.

Question 18

Who are the 3 main target groups that experience barriers to participating in sport?

Answer 18

1. ) Disabilities
2. ) Ethnic minorities
3. ) Women/ teenage girls

Question 19

Define disability

Answer 19

When a mental, physical or sensory impairment affects performance.

Question 20

Define Inclusiveness

Answer 20

All people should have needs, abilities and aspirations recognised, understood and met within a supportive environment.

Question 21

What is Integration?

Answer 21

Able bodied and disabled people taking part in the same activity at the same time.

Question 22

What is Segregation?

Answer 22

People with disabilities participating separately with other disabled performers

Question 23

Does society discriminate against people people with disabilities participating in sport?

Answer 23

Yes there is often overt discrimination, such as verbal abuse. There is also covert discrimination such as not choosing a disabled person as captain due to stereotypes.

Question 24

What are the health + fitness benefits of increasing participation?

Answer 24

• ^ bone density = less risk of osteoporosis
• ^ fitness = Reduced body weight decreasing the risk of heart disease/stroke/type 2b diabetes
• ^ joint flexibility as a result of regular stretching exercises = reduced risk of arthritis

Question 25

What are the social benefits of increasing participation?

Answer 25

-Improves communication skills = ^ opportunities to make friends
-With weight loss, sport + exercise can ^ confidence to interact with others.

Question 26

What are the societal benefits of increasing participation?

Answer 26

• ^ health + fitness results in less strain on the NHS/decreased obesity.
  -People participate together = social cohesion.
  -Keeping people out of trouble.

Question 27

What are social processes?

Answer 27

This refers to forms of social interaction taking place between individuals + groups, which occur again + again.

Question 28

Give some examples of social stratification.

Answer 28

-Disposable income status can impact on participation in a positive/negative way.
-High income earners can afford a healthy diet, helping health/fitness. While low income earners tend to purchase cheaper, less healthy options.
-High income events can afford a wider variety of sports, while low-income earners have more restricted opportunities.
-Social stratification can affect which sports are traditionally participated in, e.g. the m/c are associative with hockey + tennis, + the e;c with boxing.