Spores Flashcards
1
Q
Function of fungal spores
A
- Dispersal (geographic range, genetic variability)
- Survival (dormancy)
2
Q
Spores in chytrids
A
- zoospores
- motile (can swim)
- survives about 10 hours and travels 4-5 cm in this time
3
Q
Why do sporangia have such a wide dispersal range
A
- spore blows in the wind and lands on the right host
- zoospores can swim in the water on a leaf, then find a stomate to germinate in
- process is repeated
4
Q
How do zoospores find the right host?
A
-chemical gradients
5
Q
Ascospore vs basidiospore dispersal
A
- Ascospores can be projected in ranges from <1mm to >50cm using a wide variety of techniques
- Basidiospores are more uniform in size and ballistic mechanism
- basidiospores are projected from distances of .005cm-.1cm
6
Q
Examples of wind/rain/insect dispersal
A
- wind: bolete
- insect: stinkhorn
- rain: birds nest fungi
7
Q
Dormancy
A
- any rest period or reversible interruption of the phenotypic development of an organism
- Exogenous or constitutive
8
Q
Constitutive dormancy
A
-development delayed due to innate property of dormant stage such as barrier to penetration of nutrients
9
Q
Exogenous dormancy
A
-development delayed due to unfavorable env. coniditions
10
Q
Fungistasis
A
- condition in which the growth of fungi is stopped or controlled
- spores fail to germinate in presence of other microbes
11
Q
Aerobiology
A
-study of airborne particles of biological origin
12
Q
Take off of spores - aerobiology
A
-need to cross the laminar boundary of still air and enter turbulent boundary layer above
13
Q
liberation methods of spore take off (aerobiology)
A
- either passive (relying on outside forces) or active (relying on drying or turgidity)
- independent of water supply
14
Q
Passive methods of dispersal
A
- deflation (blowing away, wind)
- mechanical disturbance (ag settings)
- raindrop striking leaf dislodges spores
- raindrops fall onto fruiting bodies
15
Q
Active methods of dispersal
A
- hygroscopic movement and water rupture
- turgid cell is a requirement
- squirt gun mechanism of ascos
- ballistospore discharge (bullets drop)
