Other basidiomycetes/rusts

Question 1

What are Urediniomycetes

Answer 1

• the rusts
• 8000 species
• 1405-150 genera

Question 2

Ustilagniomycetes

Answer 2

• the smuts
• 1200 species
• 50 genera
• no sex organs

Question 3

Similarities of ustilagniomycetes and urendiniomycetes (ecological significance)

Answer 3

• parasitic on plants
• causes great damage to cultivated crops
• high economic importance

Question 4

Teliomycetes

Answer 4

• old class

- included both the smuts and rusts

Question 5

Teliospore

Answer 5

• site of karyogamy

- technically part of basidium

Question 6

promycellium

Answer 6

-site of meiosis and formation of sterigmata and basidiospores

Question 7

Distinguishing characteristics of rusts and smuts from other basidiomycetes

Answer 7

• lack of basidiocarps
• production of sori
• no known clamp connections
• basidiospores form on septate basidia

Question 8

Heteroecism

Answer 8

-two taxonomically different hosts

Question 9

Autoecism

Answer 9

-entire life cycle completed on single host species

Question 10

Macrocylic forms of the Uredinales

Answer 10

-all 5 reproductive stages

Question 11

Demicyclic forms of the Uredinales

Answer 11

• the uredinial stage is absent

- stage 1 -> stage 3

Question 12

Microcyclic forms of the Uredinales

Answer 12

-both aeciospores and urediniospores are absent

Question 13

History of Plant Quarantine Legislation

Answer 13

• USA one of the last countries to enact

- act was direct result of the DC cherry trees from Japan

Question 14

Karnal Bunt

Answer 14

• Karnal, India 1931 - minor disease in India until 1970s
• by 1972 many countries had established quarentines to prevent introduction
• fungus that infects wheat

Question 15

Why was karnal bunt important in the US

Answer 15

• US is the worlds leading wheat exporter
• about 33% of global export market in wheat
• Fungus discovered in Arizona 1996