Mycotoxins Flashcards
1
Q
- toxic to microorganisms =
- toxic to plants =
- toxic to animals =
A
1) antibiotics
2) phytotoxins
3) mycotoxins
2
Q
Major mycotoxins in food
A
- Aflatoxins
- Ochratoxins
- Patulin
- Genus Fusarium
- Trichothecenes
- Fumonisins
3
Q
Aflatoxins
A
- Turkey X disease
- Due to infested aspergillus flavus peanut meal
- affects liver
4
Q
Ochratoxins
A
- Produced by Aspergillus
- in coffee and cocoa in tropical regions
- inhibits enzyme involved in protein synthesis
5
Q
Patulin
A
- produced by penicillium and aspergillus
- Blue mold causing soft rot of apples
- not found in cider
- known carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic properties
6
Q
Genus Fusarium
A
- Zearelenone
- mimics action of estrogen and causes malformation of female reproductive system in organs of pig
- Proudced in maize, barley, wheat
7
Q
Trichothecenes
A
- common on ceral grains that weren’t dried properly
- Causes Alimentary toxic aleukia - nose, throat bleeding, haemorrhages, exhaustion of bone marrow, deterioration throat tissue.
- Cause of death is strangulation
8
Q
Fumonisins
A
- causes deadly diseases in vital organs
- hole in the head
- kills horse brain cells, membranes deteriorate, contents flow together
