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Abdomen II > Spleen Review > Flashcards

Spleen Review Flashcards

1
Q

The average volume of the adult spleen is

A

200 mL

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2
Q

The removal of nuclei from old red blood cells without damage to the cells is called

A

pitting

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3
Q

What is the most common sonographically visualized abnormality of the spleen

A

Splenomegaly

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4
Q

The component of the spleen that is responsible for the immune functions is

A

White pulp

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5
Q

The spleen is considered enlarged when it’s length is greater than what measurement?

A

13 cm

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6
Q

Splenic calcifications usually result from

A

Granulomatous

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7
Q

The removal of abnormal blood cells is called

A

culling

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8
Q

During an exam of the spleen a hypoechoic wedge shaped lesion is seen in the spleen. What is this typical of?

A

Splenic infarct

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9
Q

Tissue death caused by an interruption of the blood supply

A

Infarct

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10
Q

Decreased white blood cell count, possibly the result of viral infection or leukemia

A

Leukopenia

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11
Q

Red blood cell; contains hemoglobin

A

Erythrocyte

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12
Q

Elevated whit blood cell count, usually due to infection

A

Leukocytosis

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13
Q

White blood cell; protects and fights against infection in the body

A

Leukocyte

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14
Q

Process used by the red pulp to destroy old red blood cells

A

Phagocytosis

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15
Q

Enlarged spleen

A

Splenomegaly

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16
Q

Laboratory value of the percentage of blood volume made up of red blood cells

A

Hematocrit

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17
Q

Process of red blood cell production

A

Erythrocyte

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18
Q

The splenic artery arises from

A

the celiac artery

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19
Q

A wandering spleen is at an increased risk of acquiring _______________

A

Torsion and infarction

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20
Q

_____________ is responsible for the removal of worn out red blood cells

A

Red pulp

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21
Q

Leukocytosis is the typical response to

A

Bacterial infection

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22
Q

What is leukopenia

A

A decrease in leukocytes, frequently a side effect of chemotherapy

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23
Q

What is the normal echogenicity of the spleen

A

isoechoic to the liver

24
Q

What is the most common sonographically visualized abnormality of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

25
Q

What is the most common cause of splenomegaly

A

portal hypertension

26
Q

___________ ___________ ______________ may cause a small shrunken spleen

A

Sickle cell anemia

27
Q

Sonographically what is the splenic echogenicity when splenomegaly occurs?

A

Could be hyperechoic or hypoechoic but does not correlate with the cause of the enlargement

28
Q

While scanning the spleen, you notice multiple enlarged tortuous vessels in the splenic hilum. Color doppler confirms that they are vascular in nature. Dilated vessels are also noted within the splenic parenchyma. What is the most likely cause of these findings?

A

Portal hypertension with collateral vessels

29
Q

A patient with sickle cell disease presents for an abdominal sonogram complaining of recent left upper quadrant pain. A hypoechoic wedge shaped lesion is seen in the spleen. What is this typical of?

A

Splenic infarct

30
Q

The spleen is located in the __________ cavity and is covered y peritoneum except at the ______________

A

peritoneal
splenic hilum

31
Q

_____________________ is a very rare condition that leads to a congenital absence of the spleen

A

Asplenia

32
Q

The removal of defective and worn-out red blood cells occurs in the cords of ___________________

A

billroth

33
Q

The most common malignant disease that effects the spleen is

A

Lymphoma

34
Q

The most common benign vascular lesion of the spleen is the

A

hemangioma

35
Q

What projects from the splenic capsule and divides the spleen into several compartments?

A

Traeculae

36
Q

What anatomy is located on the anterior border of the spleen?

A

Stomach

37
Q

In the spleen, which structure is made up of lymph tissues arranged around splenic arteriole?

A

White pulp

38
Q

What is the spleens function in the embryological stage of development?

A

Hematopoiesis

39
Q

What is the principle site of filtration within the spleen?

A

Red pulp

40
Q

What splenic function removes iron and other substances from erythrocytes?

A

Pitting

41
Q

Which patient position is best for scanning the normal adult spleen?

A

Right lateral decubitus

42
Q

What ligament attaches the spleen to the greater curvature of the stomach

A

Gastrosplenic

43
Q

What term describes the echogenicity of the normal splenic parenchyma when compared to the liver?

A

Heterogeneous

44
Q

What is the normal sonographic appearance of the spleen?

A

Homogenous

45
Q

Leukopenia may result from what condition?

A

Anaphylactic shock

46
Q

What process contributes to an acquired aplasia and hypoplasia?

A

Repeated infarction

47
Q

What sinusoid function removes imperfect red blood cells?

A

Macrophage

48
Q

What function requires B cells and T cells?

A

Immunology

49
Q

What splenic function removes senescent, defective red blood cells?

A

Culling

50
Q

What is the normal anatomic location of the spleen

A

Peritoneal cavity

51
Q

What is considered a relatively common anatomic variant of the spleen

A

Acccessory spleen

52
Q

The spleen is more susceptible to what pathology when there are no adequate anastomoses between the arteries in the spleen

A

Infarction

53
Q

What may be the etiology of anemia?

A

Hypersplenism

54
Q

What is the splenic shape or appearance on transverse sections?

A

Crescentic

55
Q

What is the likely explanation for a large palpable left upper quadrant mass seen on a patient with leukocytosis?

A

Splenomegaly

Abdomen II (5 decks)

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