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Parasitology 376 > Spirurids > Flashcards

Spirurids Flashcards

1
Q

Where do thelazia live?

A

On the surface of the eye in birds and mammals - lacrimal ducts & conjunctiva

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2
Q

Where are spirocera found?

A

Esophagus of dogs

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3
Q

Where is physaloptera found?

A

Stomach of carnivores

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4
Q

Where is physocephalus found?

A

Stomach of pigs

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5
Q

Where are draschia & habronema found?

A

Stomach of horses

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6
Q

This is a fresh worm, what is it?

A

Spirocerca

Bright red when fresh

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7
Q

How can spirocerca be transmitted?

A

Intermediate hosts = dung bettles

OR

Paratenic hosts = mice, chickens, lizards

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8
Q

What is the most common form of transmission for spirocerca?

A

Eating a paratenic host

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9
Q

What is the life cycle for spirocerca lupi?

A

Adults in fibrous nodules of the esophagus and stomach

Females produce eggs -> L1 shed in feces

Egg with L1 ingested by intermediate host

Larva hatches inside intermediate host

Dog ingest L3 in intermediate host OR paratenic host

L3 released in the stomach

Larval migration through stomach wall

Into blood vessels

Enters visceral arteries & aorta

Cuases damage

Migrates to esophagues

Forms nodules

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10
Q

When is L3 released from the intermediate host or paratenic host in spirocerca lupi?

A

L3 released in the STOMACH

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11
Q

Where do adults of spirocerca lupi develop?

A

Submucosal nodules

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12
Q

Where do females lay eggs for spirocerca lupi?

A

Fistula in nodules

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13
Q
  1. What is THE characteristic lesion seen with spirocerca lupi?
  2. Is this lesion caused by larval migration OR the adults?
A
  1. Aneurysms in the thoracic aorta
  2. Caused by larval migration
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14
Q

What types of damage do the females cause for spirocerca lupi?

A

Nodule formation in the wall of esophagus, stomach, aorta

Nodules are NOT granulomas

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15
Q

What are the clinical signs of spirocercosis?

A

Dysphagia

Vomiting, regurgitation

Emaciation

Mild anemia (due to hemorrhage from esophagel lesions)

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16
Q

What are the 4 main complications seen with spirocercosis?

A

Esophageal nodules –> fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma

Aneurysm of thoracic aorta –> sudden death

Hypertrophic osteopathy

Caudal thoracic vertebral spondylitis

17
Q

What is the life cycle of Physaloptera?

A

Adults attached to stomach mucosa

Eggs with L1 passed in feces

Eggs ingested by intermediate host

Infective L3 develops in arthropod

Definitive host ingests arthropod OR paratenic host

Develop directly into adults (NO LARVAL MIGRATION)

18
Q

What is THE characteristic clinical sign of physaloptera?

A

Chronic, intermittent vomitting

19
Q

What are other clinical signs of physaloptera?

A

Mild gastritis

Mucosal erosions

Anorexia

Weight loss

Melena

Anemia

Eosinophilia

20
Q

What is the treatment of physaloptera?

A

ALL EXTRA LABEL:

Pyrantel

Fenbendazole

Ivermectin

MANUAL REMOVAL

21
Q

What is the life cycle of physocephalus?

A

Adults in stomach attached to mucosa

Egges ingested by intermediate host

L1 hatches inside intermediate host

Develops into infective L3

Pig eats intermediate host with L3

L3 released in the stomach

Develop into adults

22
Q

What are the symptoms of physocephalus?

A

USUALLY ASYMPTOMATIC

Mild catarrhal gastritis

23
Q

What is the treatment for physocephalus?

A

Ivermectin

24
Q

Which are bigger, Drashia adults or Habronema adults?

A

Drashia = 13 mm

Habronema = 22-25 mm

25
Q
  1. What are the intermediate hosts associated with Habronema?
  2. What is the intermediate host associated with Drashcia?
A
  1. Common housefly & stable fly
  2. Common housefly
26
Q

What is the life cycle of Habronema?

A

Adults in stomach

Lay eggs

L1 passed in feces

Maggots serve as intermediate host, ingest L1

L1 develops into L3 inside maggot

L3 migrates to adult fly mouthparts

L3 deposited on warm, moist fly feeding sites

27
Q

Where might Habronema L3s be deposited during fly feedings?

A

LIPS

NOSTRILS

CONJUNCTIVA

OPEN WOUNDS

GENITALIA

28
Q

Which causes nodules in the stomach, Drashcia OR Habronema?

A

Drashcia

Can perforate, hemorrhage, interfere with pyloric valve function

29
Q

Cutaneous habronemiasis is usually associated with what, Draschia OR Habronema?

A

Drashcia

30
Q

What 2 conditions are associated with a Habronema infection?

A

Summer sores (cutaneous habronemiasis)

Granular conjunctivitis of the medial canthus of the eye

31
Q

What is characteritis of Dracunculus insignis?

What larval stage is this characteristic present?

A

Very long pointed tail

L1

32
Q

What are the definitive hosts of Dracunculus insignis?

A

Raccoon

Mink

33
Q

What are the accidental hosts of Dracunculus insignis?

Is it zoonotic?

A

Dogs

No

34
Q

What are the intermediate hosts of Dracunculus insignis?

A

Arthropods

Cyclops or copepod: a microscopic crustacean

35
Q

What are the paratenic hosts of Dracunculus insignis?

A

Frogs +/- fish

36
Q

What is the life cycle of Dracunculus insignis?

A

Definite host ingests intermediate host OR paratenic host

Larvae migrate to SQ tissues

Develop into adults

Males die after mating

Females in SQ tissues of lower legs, thorax, and abdomen

Produce substance that induces blisters to form

Blisters ulcerate

37
Q
A

Parasitology 376 (20 decks)

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