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Immunosero Lec (Finals) > Spirochete > Flashcards

Spirochete Flashcards

1
Q

Eagle pox, French Disease, Italian disease is known as ?

A

Syphilis

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2
Q

Syphilis causative agent?

A

Treponema syphilis

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3
Q

Example of Treponema that are non-venereal:
- T pertenue
- T. endemicum
- T. carateum
- T. curiculi
- T. pallidum

Which of the following does not belong?

A

T. pallidum

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4
Q

MOT of syphilis:

a. Protected Sexual contact
b. Venereal transmission
c. Droplets
d. Direct contact

A

b

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5
Q

How many days chancre persist?

a. 10-60 days
b. 1-6 days
c. 1-60 days
d. 10-600 days

A

a

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6
Q

Treponema pallidum is present in reproductive fluid

T or F

A

T

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7
Q
  • Treponeme enters the body
  • Chancre

a. Primary
b. secondary
c. Latent
d. Tertiary

A

a

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8
Q

During primary syphilis, reagin titer increases rapidly during the first 4 weeks and remains stationary for approx. 6 months

T or F

A

T

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9
Q

A painless; first lesion that will appear right after exposure to the Treponema spp.

a. Chancre
b. Chancroid
c. Gummas

A

a. Chancre

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10
Q

Painful; and it appears as soft lesion caused by Haemophilus ducreyi

a. Chancre
b. Chancroid
c. Gummas

A

b

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11
Q

The antibody against cardiolipin antigen

a. anti-cardiolipin
b. Reagin
c. florid
d. lipin

A

b

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12
Q

One of the associated antigens in Trponemal infection

a. anti-cardiolipin
b. Reagin
c. Reagin antigen
d. Cardiolipin

A

d

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13
Q

Most florid phase of syphilis and it is the serologically reactive stage

a. Primary
b. secondary
c. Latent
d. Tertiary

A

b

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14
Q

The appearance of secondary syphilis can be seen after _______ weeks after the appearance of primary chancre

a. 2-4
b. 3-5
c. 3-6
d. 6-8

A

d

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15
Q

Tertiary stage:

Lesions in the mucous membranes contain large number of treponemes and are highly contagious
(subsides after 2-6 weeks)

T or F

A

F

Secondary

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16
Q

Secondary stage

Lesions may develop in the eyes, joints, or CNS

T or F

A

T

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17
Q

Most antibodies for syphilis appears in the tertiary stage

T or F

A

F

Secondary

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18
Q

Can last for years; no visible signs & symptoms, but is still contagious.
The only way to detect it is through serological testing.

a. Primary
b. secondary
c. Latent
d. Tertiary

A

c

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19
Q

Syphilis infects CNS, heart, and eyes

a. Primary
b. secondary
c. Latent
d. Tertiary

A

d

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20
Q

In tertiary syphilis, the lesions are now called?

a. Chancre
b. Chancroid
c. Gummas

A

c

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21
Q

Tertiary usually appears ____ years after the appearance of primary chancre

a. 1-2
b. 2 - 5
c. 3 - 10
d. 4- 15

A

c

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22
Q

Infection is transmitted to the fetus at any stage of the pregnancy

a. Neurosyphilis
b. Reproductive syphilis
c. Congenital syphilis
d. Aortic syphilis

A

c

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23
Q

In congenital syphilis, fetus is most affected during the?

a. 1st or 2nd semester
b. 2nd or 3rd semester
c. 1st or 2nd trimester
d. 2nd or 3rd trimester

A

d

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24
Q

T. pallidum usually dies after storing the blood at 4C for 3-4 days

T or F

A

T

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25
Q

Lesion are granulomatous or wart-like w/ granular surface

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
c. Bejel

A

a

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26
Q

Frambesia

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
c. Bejel

A

a

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27
Q

Variety of non-venereal syphilis
No primary lesion

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
c. Bejel

A

c

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28
Q

Initial lesions are found in the legs

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
d. Bejel

A

b

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29
Q

Pintid

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
d. Bejel

A

b

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30
Q

T. carateum

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
d. Bejel

A

b

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31
Q

T. pertenue

a. Yaws
b. Pinta
d. Bejel

A

a

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32
Q

This usually used to demonstrate exudates from skin lesions
Best suited to observe live treponemes

a. Darkfield microscope
b. Brightfeild microscope
c. Electron microscope
d. Conventional microscope

A

a

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33
Q

In darkfied microscope, identification is based on?

a. Corkscrew morphology
b. Chain morphology
c. Tumbling motility
d. Flexing motility

More than 1 answer

A

a, d

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34
Q

Darkfield microscope False negative may due to:

  • Delay in evaluation
  • Insufficient specimen
  • Antibiotive treatment prior to specimen collection

Which of the following does not belong?

A

None

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35
Q

What is the limitation of using darkfield microscope?

a. Git gud (Training required)
b. Need to become sugar daddy/mommy (Expensive)
c. All of the above
d. None of the above

A

a

36
Q

Uses fluorescent-labeled antibody conjuate to T. pallidum

a. Direct fluorescent antibody test
b. Indirect fluorescent antibody test

A

a

37
Q

Uses unlabeled antibody against T. pallidum and a second labeled AHG

a. Direct fluorescent antibody test
b. Indirect fluorescent antibody test

A

b

38
Q

What is the advantage of fluorescent antibody test?

a. Fast
b. Live specimen not required
c. Rapid test
d. Easy to do

A

b

39
Q

2 types of antibodies being detected in serological methods?

a. Cardiolipin
b. Nontreponemal
c. Treponemal
d. Gummas

A

b,c

40
Q

An anti-cardiolipin antibody, nontreponemal antibody against antigens

a. Cardiolipin
b. Reagin
c. Treponemal
d. Gummas

A

b

41
Q

Detection of reagin is based on ______ method

a. Precipitation
b. Flocculation
c. Agglutination

A

b

42
Q

What are the flocculation test?

a. VDRL
b. RPR
c. USR
d. TRUST

A

a,b

43
Q

The following are nontreponemal tests:
- VDRL
- RPR
- USR
- TRUST

Which of the following does not belong?

A

None

44
Q

What is being detected in RPR?

a. Reagin
b. Cardiolipin
c. Anti-Reagin
d. Treponemes

A

a

45
Q

Common screening test in nontreponemal?

a. VDRL
b. RPR
c. USR
d. TRUST

A

b

46
Q

What is being detected in VDRL?

a. Reagin
b. Cardiolipin
c. Anti-Reagin
d. Treponemes

A

a

47
Q

What is the needle gauge used for quantitative VDRL?

a. 18-gauge needle
b. 19 gauge needle
c. 23 gauge needle
d. 21-22 gauge needle

A

a

48
Q

Quantitative VDRL:
- 18-gauge needle without bevel that will deliver ___ drops of antigen/mL

a. 100
b. 75
c. 60

A

c

49
Q

What is the needle gauge used for Qualitative VDRL?

a. 18-gauge needle
b. 19 gauge needle
c. 23 gauge needle
d. 21-22 gauge needle

A

b, c

50
Q

Qualitative VDRL
- 19-gauge needle without bevel that will deliver ___ drops of antigen/mL

a. 100
b. 75
c. 60

A

b

51
Q

Qualitative VDRL:
- 23-gauge needle (with or without bevel) that will deliver ___ drops of saline/mL

a. 100
b. 75
c. 60

A

a

52
Q

In VDRL test, Serum samples must be heated at 56 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to inactivate complement

T or F

A

T

53
Q

180 rpm for 8 mins in VDRL test

T or F

A

T

54
Q

In VDRL test:
Microscopic reading of results:
→ Non-reactive: medium-large clump
→ Weakly reactive: small clumps
→ Reactive: no clumps

T or F

A

F

Microscopic reading of results:
→ Non-reactive: no clumps
→ Weakly reactive: small clumps
→ Reactive: medium-large clump

55
Q

Gauge of needle if CSF is used? (100 drops of antigen/mL)

a. 18-gauge needle
b. 19 gauge needle
c. 23 gauge needle
d. 21-22 gauge needle

A

d

56
Q

What is the specimen of choice for VDRL?

a. CSF
b. Plasma
c. Serum
d. Whole blood

A

c

57
Q

Modification of VDRL which utilizes macroscope agglutination

a. VDRL
b. RPR
c. USR
d. TRUST

A

b

58
Q

Cardiolipin-containing suspension is bound to charcoal particles

T or F

A

T

59
Q

Other reagent components:
- EDTA
- Thimerosal
- Cycloheximide
- Choline chloride

Which of the following does not belong?

A

Cycloheximide

60
Q

RPR is less sensitive than VDRL in primary syphilis

T or F

A

F

More sensitive

61
Q

Result for RPR:
Negative: No Clumping
Positive: Small to large clumps

T or F

A

F

Reactive and non reactive

62
Q

Mixing of patient serum and Reiter treponemes which is from testicular chancre of rabbit

a. T. pallidum Immobilization tests
b. T. pallidum Hemagglutination Test
c. T. pallidum - Particle agglutination test
d. FTA-ABS

A

a

63
Q

T. pallidum Immobilization tests is observed in what microscope?

A

Darkfield

64
Q

T. pallidum Immobilization tests:

Result interpretation:
Non-reactive: Non-motile treponemes
Reactive: Motile treponemes

T or F

A

F

Non-reactive: Motile treponemes
Reactive: Non-motile treponemes

65
Q

Uses colored gelatin coated with treponemal antigens

a. T. pallidum Immobilization tests
b. T. pallidum Hemagglutination Test
c. T. pallidum - Particle agglutination test
d. FTA-ABS

A

c

66
Q

Uses tanned sheep red blood cells coated with antigens from Nichols strain of T. pallidum

a. T. pallidum Immobilization tests
b. T. pallidum Hemagglutination Test
c. T. pallidum - Particle agglutination test
d. FTA-ABS

A

b

67
Q

Example of Passive agglutination test (Indirect)

a. T. pallidum Immobilization tests
b. T. pallidum Hemagglutination Test
c. T. pallidum - Particle agglutination test
d. FTA-ABS

A

b, c

68
Q

Highly sensitive but time consuming
a. T. pallidum Immobilization tests
b. T. pallidum Hemagglutination Test
c. T. pallidum - Particle agglutination test
d. FTA-ABS

A

d

69
Q

FTA-ABS result interpretation:

Non-reactive: No fluorescence
Reactive: With fluorescence

T or F

A

T

70
Q

Specimen for FTA-ABS?

A

Serum

71
Q

The slide contains known antigen of treponemes in FTA-ABS

T or F

A

T

72
Q

Multisystem illness involving skin, nervous system, heart, and joints due to.

a. Syphilis
b. Relapsing fever
c. Lyme disease

A

c

73
Q

Lyme disease causative agents:
→ North America: Burrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto
→ Europe: Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Borrrelia sensu stricto

T or F

A

T

74
Q

Vector for lyme disease?

a. bat
b. tick
c. dogs
d. rats

A

b

75
Q

Species of tick for lyme disease?

a. Isedos spp.
b.Ixedos spp.
c. Isawdes spp.
d. Ixodes spp.

A

d

76
Q

Most common vector for lyme disease?
a. Ixodes scapularis
b. Ixodes pacificus
c. Ixodes ricinus
d. Ixodes persulcatus

A

a

77
Q

Stages of Lyme disease

  • Early dissemination via bloodstream
  • Migratory pain in joints, tendons, muscles, and bones
  • Neurological cardiac involvement develop within 4-6 weeks post infxn

a. 1st
b. 2nd
c. 3rd

A

b

78
Q

Stages of Lyme disease

  • Appearance of erythemamigrans (2 days-2week spost-exposure)
  • Ab response is minimal & most serological tests are negative

a. 1st
b. 2nd
c. 3rd

A

a

79
Q

Stages of Lyme disease

  • Months to years’post-exposure
  • Arthritis, peripheral neuropathy, encephalomyelitis

a. 1st
b. 2nd
c. 3rd

A

c

80
Q

Bacterial infxn causing recurring bouts of fever, headache, muscle and joint aches, and nausea.

a. Syphilis
b. Relapsing fever
c. Lyme disease

A

b

81
Q

Types of Relapsing fever:

Louse-borne relapsing fever

a. (Borrelia hermsii)
b. (Borrelia recurrentis)
c. (Borrelia miyamotoi)

A

b

82
Q

Types of Relapsing fever:

Tick borne relapsing fever

a. (Borrelia hermsii)
b. (Borrelia recurrentis)
c. (Borrelia miyamotoi)

A
83
Q

Types of Relapsing fever:

B miyamotoi disease

a. (Borrelia hermsii)
b. (Borrelia recurrentis)
c. (Borrelia miyamotoi)

A

c

84
Q

Which of the followin has the Same geographical distribution with Lyme disease

a. (Borrelia hermsii)
b. (Borrelia recurrentis)
c. (Borrelia miyamotoi)

A

c

85
Q

Reservoir host for Borrelia miyamotoi disease is White-footed mouse

T or F

A

T

Immunosero Lec (Finals) (5 decks)

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