Spine and balance

Question 1

Lordotic posture

Answer 1

Ant pelvic tilt
Increase hip flex
Cause: Faulty posture, pregnancy, obesity, weak abd muscles

Question 2

Slouched posture

Answer 2

“sway back”
Ant shift in the pelvis
Hip ext
Posterior thoracic shift

Thoracic and upper lumbar spine flexion
increase lordosis
Increased kyphosis

Question 3

Flat low-back posture

Answer 3

Decreased lumbar lordosis
Hip ext
Posterior pelvic tilt

Causes: cont slouching, flexion in sitting or standing. Overemphasis on flex exercises

Question 4

Increase Kyphosis, Forward head

Answer 4

Increased thoracic curve
protracted scapula
increased flex of lower cervical/upper thoracic
increased ext of upper cervical, ext of occiput on C1

M. impairments: pec major/minor, lats, Serratus ant, Levator, SCM, scalene, upper trap, lower cerv, thoracic erector spinae

Question 5

weight shifting strategy

Answer 5

Utilized to control mediolateral perturbations by shifting the body weight laterally from one leg to the other.
The hips are the key control points (hip ABD/ADD)

Question 6

Hip strategy

Answer 6

Utilized with rapid and/or large external pertuberbations or for mvmnts executed with the COG near the limits of stability.
Rapid hip flex or ext is used to move the COM within the BOS

Question 7

stepping strategy

Answer 7

Seen with large force displacements of the COM beyond the limit of stability; A forward or backward step is used to enlarge the BOS and regain balance control