Ankle ROM/MMT

Question 1

Plantarflexion

Goniometry

Answer 1

Start:  Supine, roll under knee, foot over EOB, 90 DF
Stabilize:  Tibia, Fibula
Axis:  inferior lateral malleolus
Station:  Point to Fibular head
Move:  Parallel sole of heel
Subs:  Inv, Ev
N:  50

Question 2

Dorsiflexion

Goniometry

Answer 2

Start:  Supine, roll under knee, foot over EOB, 90 DF
Stabilize:  Tibia, Fibula
Axis:  inferior lateral malleolus
Station:  Point to Fibular head
Move:  Parallel sole of heel
Subs:  Inv, Ev
N:  20

Question 3

Ankle Inversion, Supination

Goniometry

Answer 3

Start: Sitting, anatomical position
Stabilize: Tibia, Fibula
Axis: Midway btwn medial/lateral malleoli, anterior to talocrural jt
Station: Pointing to tibial tuberosity
Move: Parallel midline of 2nd metatarsal
Subs: knee flex, hip ER, hip ABD, tib IR
N: 35

Question 4

Ankle Eversion, Pronatio

Goniometry

Answer 4

Start: Sitting, anatomical position
Stabilize: Tibia, Fibula
Axis: Midway btwn medial/lateral malleoli, anterior to talocrural jt
Station: Pointing to tibial tuberosity
Move: Parallel midline of 2nd metatarsal
Subs: Knee ext, hip IR, Hip ADD, tib ER
N: 15

Question 5

Tibialis Anterior (AG)
MMT

Answer 5

Start: Sitting, supported on PT leg
Stabilize: lower leg proximal to ankle
Subs: Peroneals, Ext digit Long, Ext hallucis longus

Question 6

Tibialis Anterior (GM)
MMT

Answer 6

Start: Sidelying on test side, knee flex
Stabilize: Lower leg proximal to ankle
Subs: Peroneals, Ext digit Long, Ext hallucis longus

Question 7

Soleus (AG)

MMT

Answer 7

Start: Prone, knee at 90
Stabilize: lower leg proximal to ankle
Resist app: Post aspect of calcaneus
Subs: Gastrocnemius, forefoot movement, toe flexion

Question 8

Soleus (GM)

MMT

Answer 8

Start: Sidelying on test side with knee flex 90, nontest knee flex, with pillow support.
Stabilize: proximal to ankle
Subs: Gastrocnemius, forefoot movement, toe flexion

Question 9

Gastrocnemius (AG)

MMT

Answer 9

Start: Standing, nontest foot off floor, knee ext
Stabilize: hands on table, or PT for support (NWB)
Subs: Soleus, Using hands, body leaning forward

Question 10

Gastroc (AG)

Grading

Answer 10

5 = Maintain heel off floor through 6+ reps
4 = Maintain heel off floor through 3 - 5 reps
3 = Maintain heel off floor through 1 - 2 reps

4/3 - Subsequent attempts result in decreased range

Question 11

Gastrocnemius (GM)

MMT

Answer 11

Start: Sidelying on test side knee ext, nontest knee flex, with pillow support.
Stabilize: proximal to ankle
Subs: Soleus, forefoot movement, toe flexion

Question 12

Tibialis Posterior (AG)
MMT

Answer 12

Start: Sidelying on test side, knee slight flex, foot over EOB
Stabilize: Proximal ankle
Subs: Toe flex, tibialis anterior

Question 13

Tibialis Posterior (GM)
MMT

Answer 13

Start: Supine, heel over EOB
Stabilize: Proximal to ankle
Subs: Toe flex

Question 14

Peroneus Longus/Brevis (AG)

MMT

Answer 14

Start: Sidelying on nontest side, knee slight flex, foot over EOB
Stabilize: Proximal ankle
Subs: Ext digit longus, peroneus tertius

Question 15

Peroneus Longus/Brevis (GM)

MMT

Answer 15

Start: Supine, foot over EOB
Stabilize: Leg proximal to ankle
Subs: Ext digit longus, peroneus tertius