Spine

Question 1

plane joints from superior and inferior articular facets

Answer 1

zygapophyseal joints

Question 2

spinal nerve exits. increases w/ flex. contralateral side bending. decreases w/ ext. ipsilateral side bending

Answer 2

intervertebral foramina

Question 3

concentric sheets of type I collagen. outer part

Answer 3

annulus fibrosis

Question 4

semifluid mass of clear, firm, gelatnous material. inner part

Answer 4

nucleus pulposus

Question 5

lumbar facet orientation

Answer 5

sagittal plane. flex/ext. limits rotation

Question 6

sacral flexion/extention

Answer 6

nutation/counter nutation

Question 7

thoracic facet orientation

Answer 7

frontal plane. rotation and lateral flex. limits flex and ext

Question 8

cervical facet orientation

Answer 8

frontal and sagittal planes

Question 9

spinal motion is defined by what is occurring at the anterior portion of the body of the…

Answer 9

superior vertebra

Question 10

spinal exercise red flags (4)

Answer 10

1. incontinence
2. peripherilization of symptoms
3. numbness in s1-s2
4. paresthesias

Question 11

four phases of rehab

Answer 11

1. healing/pain control
2. increase activity
3. prevent re-injury
4. normal activity

Question 12

4 stages of herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)

Answer 12

1. protrusion/degeneration
2. prolapse
3. extrusion
4. sequestered

Question 13

nerve mobilization technique involving 1 joint

Answer 13

neural tension

Question 14

nerve mobilization technique involving 2 joints

Answer 14

neural glide

Question 15

narrowing of disc space and formation of osteophytes. OA of spine

Answer 15

spondylosis

Question 16

stress fracture of pars interarticularis. pain w/ hyperext. avoid ext

Answer 16

spondylolysis

Question 17

forward shift of one vertebra on another. avoid ext

Answer 17

spondylolisthesis

Question 18

degenerative changes of joint cartilage. joint mobs

Answer 18

Lumbar OA

Question 19

inflammatory disease of the whole body. Grade I and II jt mobs only

Answer 19

Lumbar RA

Question 20

general lumbar rehab progression (4)

Answer 20

1. hooklying
2. quadruped
3. sitting
4. standing

Question 21

lumbar stabilization progression (4)

Answer 21

1. awareness/proprioception
2. stability
3. mobility on stability
4. stability on mobility

Question 22

cervical spine red flags. 5 Ds 2 Ts 1 N

Answer 22

Displopia 
Dysphagia
Drop attacks
Dysarthria
Dizziness
Tingling
Tinnitus
Nystagmus

Question 23

PT management for cervical disk injury

Answer 23

normalize mechanics

Question 24

difficulty rotating/side bending to one side, described as kink in the neck. Synovial membrane caught btwn jt surfaces. Normalize mechanics

Answer 24

facet dysfunction

Question 25

Gradual onset with morning stiffness of the neck. Chronic degenerative condition

Answer 25

spondylosis

Question 26

compression of neural and vascular structures by cervical rib, scalenes, clavicle, pec minor or 1stt thoracic rib. Skin and temp changes

Answer 26

thoracic outlet syndrome TOS

Question 27

TOS treatment (3)

Answer 27

1. restore posture
2. stretch scalenes and pec minor
3. neural mobs

Question 28

TOS vs nerve root impingement

Answer 28

TOS- neural and vascular

nerve root impinge- neural

Question 29

cervical stabilization begins with…

Answer 29

deep neck flexion (chin tucks)