Spine Flashcards
Lordosis
normal sagittal plane curvature of the spine; concave posteriorly and convex anteriorly
Kyphosis
normal sagittal curvature of the vertebral column; convex posteriorly and concave anteriorly.
Cervical
Lordosis
Thoracic
Kyphosis
Lumbar
Lordosis
Sacrccygeal
Kyphosis
What are the structures that make up the anterior elements of the spine
Body of Spine + Discs
What are the structures that make up the posterior elements of the spine
The vertebral canal, pedicles, laminae, & transverse processes
Superior angle of scapula
T2
Inferior Angle of Scapula
T7
Last Rib
T12
Iliac crest
L4
Differentiate between L5 and sacrum
L5 is mobile Sacrum is stable
Motions of Spine
flexion, extension, lateral flexion, & rotation
Cervical Spine ROM
flexion = 45° extension = 45° lateral flexion = 45° rotation = 60°
Thoracic and Lumbar Spine ROM
flexion = 80 ° extension = 25° lateral flexion = 35° rotation = 45°
unique motion of the atlanto axial joint
rotation 50%
Functional structures of Spine
protects the spinal cord stiffens the body motion for the human skeleton transferring body weight in walking and standing
What is the specific function of the intervertebral foramen
Transmitting Peripheral Nerves
What is the specific function of the transverse process and lamina
attaching muscles and articulating ribs
Where is the location of the spinal foramen
Located anterior of the bodies of the spine
What important structure passes through the spinal foramen?
Spinal Coed
What major cervical muscles are associated with cranial nerve 11, and produced contralateral rotation
sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius - integrated to vision & hearing
Factors that contribute to safe lifting techniques that protects the spine
Keeps spine nuetral
pedicles
everything attatches to them
Facet Joint
The facet joints hold the bones of the spine together and help protect the spinal cord.
Superior + Inferior Facets + Capsules + synovial membrane +
Stinosis of intervertbral foramen
spinal stinosis
