Kinesiology Flashcards
Kinematics
a branch of biomechanics that deals with the motion of a body or body part without reference to force acting on it.
Osteokinematics
motion of bones relative to the 3 cardinal planes
Sagital
: flexion, extension
medial - lateral
Frontal
abduction, adduction
anterior - posterior
Transverse
rotation
horizontal – vertical
Degrees of freedom
the number of planes of motion allowed at a joint the maximum is 3
Glenohumeral, coxal, cervical spine, vertebral column
3
Wrist, talocrual
2
Elbow (humeroulnar), knee (tibiofemoral)
1
Open chained
proximal segment is fixed, while distal is free.
Closed chain
proximal segment is free, while distal segment is fixed.
concentric
shortening
Eccentric
elongating
Which muscles are used for concentric and eccentric control of squatting down and rising up
- Quads- are eccentric for squat down
- gastrocsoleus- eccentric for lifting ankle
- glut max- extend hip
kenetics
branch of mechanics that describe the effect of forces of the body.
force
- a push or pull that produces, arrests, or modifies a motion.
torque
the rotary equivalent to force defined by the product of a force times its moment arm.
Identify and describe the two characteristics that determine the amount of torque occurring at a joint
- distance between the force and the axis of rotation.
1st lever
similar to a see-saw with its axis of rotation located between the internal and external force. EX. the head and neck.
2nd lever
IMA is longer than the EMA. EX. plantarflex
3rd lever
: IMA that is smaller than EMA. EX. bicep curl.
Most common lever?
3
