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Neuroscience and Behavioral Science > Spinal Tracts > Flashcards

Spinal Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for the Dorsal Column Tract?

A

Medial Leminiscus

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2
Q

What is the DCML pathway responsible for?

A
  • Discriminate touch
  • Pressure, stretch, and vibrations
  • proprioceptions
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3
Q

What kind of tract is the DCML?

A

Ascending Tract

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4
Q

Where is the decussation of the DCML pathway?

A

Medulla Oblongata

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5
Q

How many neurons are in the DCML pathway?

A

3 neurons

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6
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron of the DCML tract enter the spinal cord?

A

Dorsal part of the spinal cord

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7
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron synapse with the 2nd order neuron in the DCML Tract?

A

Medulla Oblongata

It then decussates

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8
Q

Where does the 2nd order neuron synapse in the DCML Tract?

A

The VPL in the thalamus

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9
Q

Where does the 3rd order neuron synapse in the DCML Tract?

A

Areas 3,1,2 in the Cortex

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10
Q

The fasiculus gracilis is responsible for information from where?

A

Lower Limbs

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11
Q

The fasiculus cuneus is responsible for information from where?

A

Upper Limbs

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12
Q

If there is a lesion before the Medulla in the DCML Tract, will it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Ipsilateral

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13
Q

If there is a lesion after the Medulla in the DCML Tract, will it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Contralateral

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14
Q

What is the pathway for the DCML after it enters the brain?

A

It travels to the posterior 1/3 of the internal capsule, goes to the corona radiata, and goes to S1 & 2

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15
Q

Is the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract ascending or descending?

A

Ascending

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16
Q

Which fibers are faster: A-delta fibers or C fibers?

A

A-delta

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17
Q

What kind of sensations/pain do A-delta fibers respond to?

A
  • Extreme/cold temps
  • mechanical stress (smashing your hand)
  • Pin pricks
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18
Q

What kind of sensations/pain do C fibers respond to?

A

-Dull pain from chemical stress

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19
Q

What is another name for the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?

A

Spinal Leminiscus

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20
Q

What kind of sensation does the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract carry?

A

Pain and Temperature

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21
Q

Where do A-delta fibers synapse in the AST?

A

Rexxed lamina 1 and 5

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22
Q

What is the neurotransmitter that is released by A-delta fibers in the AST?

A

Glutamate

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23
Q

Where do C fibers synapse in the AST?

A

Rexxed lamina 2 and 3

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24
Q

What is the neurotransmitter that is released by C-fibers in the AST?

A

Substance P

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25
Merkel's discs, free nerve endings, peritrichial nerves for crude touch and pressure are associated with which tract?
Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract-Spinal Leminiscus
26
Where does a lesion of the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract affect?
Lesion affects at SC segments | -This is called the Tract of Lassaeur
27
In the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, what happens to the C fibers?
Most C fibers (85%) terminate at the reticular formation which goes to the intralaminar nuclei
28
Where is the deccusation in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?
In the Spinal Cord usually 1 or 2 segments below
29
Where does the 1st order neuron synapse onto the 2nd order neuron in the Anterolater Spinothalamic Tract?
In the spinal cord
30
Where does the 2nd order synapse on the 3rd order neuron in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?
VPL in the Thalamus
31
Where does the 3rd order neuron synapse in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?
3,1,2 in the cortex
32
If the lesion is after the SC in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, does it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?
Contralateral
33
If the lesion is after the brainstem in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, does it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?
Contralateral
34
Is the spinocerebellar tracts ascending or descending?
Ascending
35
The Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract is responsible for information where in the spinal cord?
Roots C8-L2/3
36
What is the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract responsible for?
- Touch - Pressure - Proprioreception
37
Does the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract affect ipsilateral or contralateral?
Ipsilateral
38
Where does the 1st order neuron synapse to the second order neuron in the Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract?
Rexed lamina 7
39
Where does the 1st order neuron synapse onto the 2nd order neuron in the Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract?
In the SC
40
Where does the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract end in the brain?
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
41
The Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract is responsible for information where in the spinal cord?
Below L3
42
Does the Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract affect ipsilateral or contralateral?
Ipsilateral
43
What is the pathway of the Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract in the brain?
It goes up contralateral to superior cerebellar peduncle then crosses back to the ipsilateral side of reception to synapse 1st order to 2nd order in SC
44
The Cuneocerebellar Tract is responsible for information where in the spinal cord?
Above C8
45
Does the Cuneocerebellar Tract affect ipsilateral or contralateral?
Ipsilateral
46
Where does the 1st order neuron synapse to the 2nd order in the Cuneocerebellar Tract?
Accessory Cuneate Nucleus
47
Where does the Cuneocerebellar Tract end in the brain?
Inferior cerebellar peduncles via external arcuate fibers to cerebellum synapse
48
Where does the Spino-olivary tract cross?
In the Spinal Cord
49
Where does the 1st order neuron synapse to the 2nd order neuron in the Spino-olivary Tract?
1st order to 2nd order at inferior olivary nuclei then cross as climibing fibers
50
Where does the Spino-olivary Tract end in the brain?
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles
51
Is the corticospinal tract ascending or descending?
Descending
52
What does the Lateral Corticospinal tract affect?
Distal Limb Musculature
53
What does the Anterior Corticospinal tract affect?
Axial Musculature
54
Where does the corticospinal tract start in the brain?
Starts in precentral gyrus also called the primary motor cortex; other areas include premotor cortex, supplemental motor area, postcentral gyrus
55
What structure is important for the corticospinal tract?
- Basal nuclei to smooth out the movement and modification - Also goes to the cerebellum to communicate about the incoming ascending tracts to plan out the perfect movement and to know where the limb is in space via proprioreception
56
Where is the decussation for the corticospinal tract?
80% of the fibers decussate in the medulla specifically in the distal half of the pyramids. After that the fibers travel to the lateral white columns of the spinal cord
57
What is the tract of the Lateral Corticospinal Tract?
- pyramidal cells (Betz cells) from the corona radiata condense and go to the posterior limb of the internal capsule (specialized white matter structure); can be affected by an artery (Hypertension) - the fibers move through the crus cerebri - pontine nuclei fibers cross to the cerebellum through the middle cerebellar peduncles - synapse on the alpha and gamma motor neurons on the ventral or anterior gray horn
58
What is the difference between the Lateral and Anterior Corticospinal Tract?
Everything is the same except for the not crossing at the pyramids in the medulla
59
Where is the decussation for the Anterior Corticospinal Tract?
Crosses at the anterior funiculus to the opposite anterior gray horn
60
What are the 4 Subcortical Tracts?
- Vestibulospinal Tract - Pontine Reticulospinal Tract - Rubrospinal Tract - Medullary Reticulospinal Tract
61
What is the blood supply to the spinal cord?
Posterior- Posterior Spinal Artery Anterior- Anterior Spinal Artery
62
What is Syringomyelia?
Interruption of crossed pain and temperature fibers by syrinx; uncrossed light touch and proprioception fibers preserved
63
What does Brown-Sequard Syndrome of Spinal Cord Hemisection affect?
Same side of lesion: - UMN weakness - loss of position and vibration Opposite side of lesion: -loss of pain and temperature
64
What structures are involved with Medial Medullary Syndrome?
- Anterior Spinal Artery - Hypoglossal Nerve - Corticospinal Tract - Medial Leminiscus
65
What structures are involved with lateral medullary syndrome?
- Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery - Spinal Leminiscus - Spinal nucleus and tract of CN V nerve - Nucleus Ambiguous (CN IX and X)
66
What is another name for Lateral Medullary Syndrome?
Wallenberg Syndrome
67
What structures are affected in Weber Syndrome?
- Oculomotor Nerve | - Crus Cerebri
68
What structures are affect in Benedikt’s Syndrome?
- Oculomotor Nerve - Red Nucleus - Medial Leminiscus - Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
69
What structures are affected Perinaud Syndrome?
- Pineal Gland tumor | - Paralysis of Upward gaze
70
What structures are affected in Medial Pontine Syndrome?
- Superior Cerebellar Peduncle - Spinothalamic Tract - Lateral Leminiscus - Part of the Medial Leminiscus
71
What structures are affected by Lateral Pontine Syndrome?
- Part of the Medial Leminiscus - Central Tegmental Bundle - Pontine nuclei and ponto-cerebellar fibers - Corticospinal Tract

Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (8 decks)

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