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Neuroscience and Behavioral Science > Spinal Tracts > Flashcards

Spinal Tracts Flashcards

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1
Q

What is another name for the Dorsal Column Tract?

A

Medial Leminiscus

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2
Q

What is the DCML pathway responsible for?

A
  • Discriminate touch
  • Pressure, stretch, and vibrations
  • proprioceptions
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3
Q

What kind of tract is the DCML?

A

Ascending Tract

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4
Q

Where is the decussation of the DCML pathway?

A

Medulla Oblongata

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5
Q

How many neurons are in the DCML pathway?

A

3 neurons

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6
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron of the DCML tract enter the spinal cord?

A

Dorsal part of the spinal cord

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7
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron synapse with the 2nd order neuron in the DCML Tract?

A

Medulla Oblongata

It then decussates

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8
Q

Where does the 2nd order neuron synapse in the DCML Tract?

A

The VPL in the thalamus

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9
Q

Where does the 3rd order neuron synapse in the DCML Tract?

A

Areas 3,1,2 in the Cortex

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10
Q

The fasiculus gracilis is responsible for information from where?

A

Lower Limbs

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11
Q

The fasiculus cuneus is responsible for information from where?

A

Upper Limbs

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12
Q

If there is a lesion before the Medulla in the DCML Tract, will it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Ipsilateral

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13
Q

If there is a lesion after the Medulla in the DCML Tract, will it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Contralateral

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14
Q

What is the pathway for the DCML after it enters the brain?

A

It travels to the posterior 1/3 of the internal capsule, goes to the corona radiata, and goes to S1 & 2

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15
Q

Is the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract ascending or descending?

A

Ascending

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16
Q

Which fibers are faster: A-delta fibers or C fibers?

A

A-delta

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17
Q

What kind of sensations/pain do A-delta fibers respond to?

A
  • Extreme/cold temps
  • mechanical stress (smashing your hand)
  • Pin pricks
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18
Q

What kind of sensations/pain do C fibers respond to?

A

-Dull pain from chemical stress

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19
Q

What is another name for the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?

A

Spinal Leminiscus

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20
Q

What kind of sensation does the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract carry?

A

Pain and Temperature

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21
Q

Where do A-delta fibers synapse in the AST?

A

Rexxed lamina 1 and 5

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22
Q

What is the neurotransmitter that is released by A-delta fibers in the AST?

A

Glutamate

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23
Q

Where do C fibers synapse in the AST?

A

Rexxed lamina 2 and 3

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24
Q

What is the neurotransmitter that is released by C-fibers in the AST?

A

Substance P

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25
Q

Merkel’s discs, free nerve endings, peritrichial nerves for crude touch and pressure are associated with which tract?

A

Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract-Spinal Leminiscus

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26
Q

Where does a lesion of the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract affect?

A

Lesion affects at SC segments

-This is called the Tract of Lassaeur

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27
Q

In the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, what happens to the C fibers?

A

Most C fibers (85%) terminate at the reticular formation which goes to the intralaminar nuclei

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28
Q

Where is the deccusation in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?

A

In the Spinal Cord usually 1 or 2 segments below

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29
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron synapse onto the 2nd order neuron in the Anterolater Spinothalamic Tract?

A

In the spinal cord

30
Q

Where does the 2nd order synapse on the 3rd order neuron in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?

A

VPL in the Thalamus

31
Q

Where does the 3rd order neuron synapse in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract?

A

3,1,2 in the cortex

32
Q

If the lesion is after the SC in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, does it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Contralateral

33
Q

If the lesion is after the brainstem in the Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, does it affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Contralateral

34
Q

Is the spinocerebellar tracts ascending or descending?

A

Ascending

35
Q

The Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract is responsible for information where in the spinal cord?

A

Roots C8-L2/3

36
Q

What is the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract responsible for?

A
  • Touch
  • Pressure
  • Proprioreception
37
Q

Does the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Ipsilateral

38
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron synapse to the second order neuron in the Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract?

A

Rexed lamina 7

39
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron synapse onto the 2nd order neuron in the Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract?

A

In the SC

40
Q

Where does the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract end in the brain?

A

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle

41
Q

The Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract is responsible for information where in the spinal cord?

A

Below L3

42
Q

Does the Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Ipsilateral

43
Q

What is the pathway of the Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract in the brain?

A

It goes up contralateral to superior cerebellar peduncle then crosses back to the ipsilateral side of reception to synapse 1st order to 2nd order in SC

44
Q

The Cuneocerebellar Tract is responsible for information where in the spinal cord?

A

Above C8

45
Q

Does the Cuneocerebellar Tract affect ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

Ipsilateral

46
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron synapse to the 2nd order in the Cuneocerebellar Tract?

A

Accessory Cuneate Nucleus

47
Q

Where does the Cuneocerebellar Tract end in the brain?

A

Inferior cerebellar peduncles via external arcuate fibers to cerebellum synapse

48
Q

Where does the Spino-olivary tract cross?

A

In the Spinal Cord

49
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron synapse to the 2nd order neuron in the Spino-olivary Tract?

A

1st order to 2nd order at inferior olivary nuclei then cross as climibing fibers

50
Q

Where does the Spino-olivary Tract end in the brain?

A

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles

51
Q

Is the corticospinal tract ascending or descending?

A

Descending

52
Q

What does the Lateral Corticospinal tract affect?

A

Distal Limb Musculature

53
Q

What does the Anterior Corticospinal tract affect?

A

Axial Musculature

54
Q

Where does the corticospinal tract start in the brain?

A

Starts in precentral gyrus also called the primary motor cortex; other areas include premotor cortex, supplemental motor area, postcentral gyrus

55
Q

What structure is important for the corticospinal tract?

A
  • Basal nuclei to smooth out the movement and modification
  • Also goes to the cerebellum to communicate about the incoming ascending tracts to plan out the perfect movement and to know where the limb is in space via proprioreception
56
Q

Where is the decussation for the corticospinal tract?

A

80% of the fibers decussate in the medulla specifically in the distal half of the pyramids. After that the fibers travel to the lateral white columns of the spinal cord

57
Q

What is the tract of the Lateral Corticospinal Tract?

A
  • pyramidal cells (Betz cells) from the corona radiata condense and go to the posterior limb of the internal capsule (specialized white matter structure); can be affected by an artery (Hypertension)
  • the fibers move through the crus cerebri
  • pontine nuclei fibers cross to the cerebellum through the middle cerebellar peduncles
  • synapse on the alpha and gamma motor neurons on the ventral or anterior gray horn
58
Q

What is the difference between the Lateral and Anterior Corticospinal Tract?

A

Everything is the same except for the not crossing at the pyramids in the medulla

59
Q

Where is the decussation for the Anterior Corticospinal Tract?

A

Crosses at the anterior funiculus to the opposite anterior gray horn

60
Q

What are the 4 Subcortical Tracts?

A
  • Vestibulospinal Tract
  • Pontine Reticulospinal Tract
  • Rubrospinal Tract
  • Medullary Reticulospinal Tract
61
Q

What is the blood supply to the spinal cord?

A

Posterior- Posterior Spinal Artery

Anterior- Anterior Spinal Artery

62
Q

What is Syringomyelia?

A

Interruption of crossed pain and temperature fibers by syrinx; uncrossed light touch and proprioception fibers preserved

63
Q

What does Brown-Sequard Syndrome of Spinal Cord Hemisection affect?

A

Same side of lesion:

  • UMN weakness
  • loss of position and vibration

Opposite side of lesion:
-loss of pain and temperature

64
Q

What structures are involved with Medial Medullary Syndrome?

A
  • Anterior Spinal Artery
  • Hypoglossal Nerve
  • Corticospinal Tract
  • Medial Leminiscus
65
Q

What structures are involved with lateral medullary syndrome?

A
  • Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
  • Spinal Leminiscus
  • Spinal nucleus and tract of CN V nerve
  • Nucleus Ambiguous (CN IX and X)
66
Q

What is another name for Lateral Medullary Syndrome?

A

Wallenberg Syndrome

67
Q

What structures are affected in Weber Syndrome?

A
  • Oculomotor Nerve

- Crus Cerebri

68
Q

What structures are affect in Benedikt’s Syndrome?

A
  • Oculomotor Nerve
  • Red Nucleus
  • Medial Leminiscus
  • Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
69
Q

What structures are affected Perinaud Syndrome?

A
  • Pineal Gland tumor

- Paralysis of Upward gaze

70
Q

What structures are affected in Medial Pontine Syndrome?

A
  • Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
  • Spinothalamic Tract
  • Lateral Leminiscus
  • Part of the Medial Leminiscus
71
Q

What structures are affected by Lateral Pontine Syndrome?

A
  • Part of the Medial Leminiscus
  • Central Tegmental Bundle
  • Pontine nuclei and ponto-cerebellar fibers
  • Corticospinal Tract

Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (8 decks)

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