Diencephalon Flashcards
Diencephalon consists of complex masses of grey matter around the cavity of ____
Third Ventricle
What is the anterior nucleus incorporated in?
The papez circuit
Which group acts as the integrating center for somatic and visual impulses?
Medial group
The medial group connects with the prefrontal cortex to help with what?
Mood of feeling tone to the emotional aspect of behavior
Which group conveys information to motor areas on the cerebrum from the basal ganglia and cerebellum?
VA and VL
Surgical ablation of VL and VA may abolish tremor and rigidity in what disease?
Parkinson’s disease
Thiamine deficiency in alcoholics results in what?
Degeneration of Medial group of nucleus, mammillary bodies, hippocampus and vermis of cerebellum
Thalamic pain syndrome affects which group?
The ventral nuclear group
How do the patients present with thalamic pain syndrome?
Burning, aching pain in contralateral half of the body
Damage to the medial lemniscus of VPL does what?
Increases the sensitivity to pain and contralateral loss of vibratory sensation from the contralateral body
Thalamic pain syndrome is resistant/responsive to pain medications?
Resistant
What is the medial (dorsalmedial) nucleus responsible for?
Integration of somatic, visceral and olfactory information and memory?
What is the pulvinar group responsible for?
Helps integrates somesthetic, visual, and auditory input
What is the VA and VL group responsible for?
Gets information from basal ganglia and cerebellum, red nucleus, and relays to the frontal lobe
What is the VPM group responsible for?
Trigeminothalamic and soltarothalamic
What is the VPL group responsible for?
Medial leminiscus and spinal leminiscus; Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, Dorsal Column
What is the MGB responsible for?
Auditory
What is the LGB responsible for?
Vision
What is the intralaminar responsible for?
Arousal, receives reticular fibers from brainstem and other thalamic nuclei
What acts as the relay station of all sensory pathways?
Thalamus
What senses does the thalamus NOT relay?
Olfactory
The thalamus is concerned with conscious interpretation of crude sensations like ___
Pain and Temperature
What pathways does the thalamus regulate?
The activities of motor pathways
The thalamus plays an important role in the control of ___
Emotional behavior and recent memory mechanisms
The thalamus is associated with autonomic control of ___
Viscera
Is the thalamus concerned with the personality and intellect of an individual?
Yes
What is the preoptic nucleus responsible for?
Sex hormones
Which nucleus controls the sex hormones?
Preoptic Nucleus
What is the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei responsible for?
ADH and Oxytocin
Which nucleus controls ADH and Oxytocin?
Paraventricular and Supraoptic nuclei
What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus responsible for?
Circadian rhythms
Which nucleus controls circadian rhythms?
Surpachiasmatic Nuclei
What is the arcuate nucleus responsible for?
Releasing and inhibitory factors
Which nucleus is responsible for releasing and inhibitory factors?
Arcuate nucleus
What is the ventromedial nucleus responsible for?
Satiety
Which nucleus is responsible for satiety?
Ventromedial nucleus
What is the dorsomedial nucleus responsible for?
Controls behavior
Which nucleus controls behavior?
Dorsomedial nucleus
What are the mammillary bodies responsible for?
Limbic system
Which nucleus controls the limbic system?
Mammillary bodies
What is the anterior hypothalamic zone responsible for?
Senses elevation of body temperature
It is responsible for cooling the body down and activates those processes that favor heat loss, including vasodilatation of cutaneous blood vessels, sweating (evaporation of water for cooling), and panting.
Which nucleus senses elevation of body temperature?
Anterior Hypothalamic Zone
What is the posterior hypothalamic zone responsible for?
Senses decrease of body temperature
It is responsible for heating the body and triggers activities concerned with heat production and heat conservation. These include the metabolic heat-producing systems (thermogenesis by the oxidation of glucose), vasoconstriction (especially of cutaneous blood vessels), erection of hair (goose pimples), and shivering.
Which nucleus senses decrease of body temperature?
Posterior Hypothalamic Zone
What is the lateral hypothalamic zone responsible for?
Hunger; feeding center
Which nucleus is responsible for hunger?
Lateral Hypothalamic Zone
What can destruction of the “heat-dissipating region” do to the body?
Cause hyperthermia
What can the malfunctioning for the heating center produce?
A cold-blooded mammal that cannot sustain a uniform body temperature.
