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Neuroscience and Behavioral Science > Diencephalon > Flashcards

Diencephalon Flashcards

1
Q

Diencephalon consists of complex masses of grey matter around the cavity of ____

A

Third Ventricle

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2
Q

What is the anterior nucleus incorporated in?

A

The papez circuit

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3
Q

Which group acts as the integrating center for somatic and visual impulses?

A

Medial group

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4
Q

The medial group connects with the prefrontal cortex to help with what?

A

Mood of feeling tone to the emotional aspect of behavior

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5
Q

Which group conveys information to motor areas on the cerebrum from the basal ganglia and cerebellum?

A

VA and VL

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6
Q

Surgical ablation of VL and VA may abolish tremor and rigidity in what disease?

A

Parkinson’s disease

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7
Q

Thiamine deficiency in alcoholics results in what?

A

Degeneration of Medial group of nucleus, mammillary bodies, hippocampus and vermis of cerebellum

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8
Q

Thalamic pain syndrome affects which group?

A

The ventral nuclear group

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9
Q

How do the patients present with thalamic pain syndrome?

A

Burning, aching pain in contralateral half of the body

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10
Q

Damage to the medial lemniscus of VPL does what?

A

Increases the sensitivity to pain and contralateral loss of vibratory sensation from the contralateral body

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11
Q

Thalamic pain syndrome is resistant/responsive to pain medications?

A

Resistant

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12
Q

What is the medial (dorsalmedial) nucleus responsible for?

A

Integration of somatic, visceral and olfactory information and memory?

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13
Q

What is the pulvinar group responsible for?

A

Helps integrates somesthetic, visual, and auditory input

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14
Q

What is the VA and VL group responsible for?

A

Gets information from basal ganglia and cerebellum, red nucleus, and relays to the frontal lobe

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15
Q

What is the VPM group responsible for?

A

Trigeminothalamic and soltarothalamic

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16
Q

What is the VPL group responsible for?

A

Medial leminiscus and spinal leminiscus; Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract, Dorsal Column

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17
Q

What is the MGB responsible for?

A

Auditory

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18
Q

What is the LGB responsible for?

A

Vision

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19
Q

What is the intralaminar responsible for?

A

Arousal, receives reticular fibers from brainstem and other thalamic nuclei

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20
Q

What acts as the relay station of all sensory pathways?

A

Thalamus

21
Q

What senses does the thalamus NOT relay?

A

Olfactory

22
Q

The thalamus is concerned with conscious interpretation of crude sensations like ___

A

Pain and Temperature

23
Q

What pathways does the thalamus regulate?

A

The activities of motor pathways

24
Q

The thalamus plays an important role in the control of ___

A

Emotional behavior and recent memory mechanisms

25
Q

The thalamus is associated with autonomic control of ___

A

Viscera

26
Q

Is the thalamus concerned with the personality and intellect of an individual?

A

Yes

27
Q

What is the preoptic nucleus responsible for?

A

Sex hormones

28
Q

Which nucleus controls the sex hormones?

A

Preoptic Nucleus

29
Q

What is the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei responsible for?

A

ADH and Oxytocin

30
Q

Which nucleus controls ADH and Oxytocin?

A

Paraventricular and Supraoptic nuclei

31
Q

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus responsible for?

A

Circadian rhythms

32
Q

Which nucleus controls circadian rhythms?

A

Surpachiasmatic Nuclei

33
Q

What is the arcuate nucleus responsible for?

A

Releasing and inhibitory factors

34
Q

Which nucleus is responsible for releasing and inhibitory factors?

A

Arcuate nucleus

35
Q

What is the ventromedial nucleus responsible for?

A

Satiety

36
Q

Which nucleus is responsible for satiety?

A

Ventromedial nucleus

37
Q

What is the dorsomedial nucleus responsible for?

A

Controls behavior

38
Q

Which nucleus controls behavior?

A

Dorsomedial nucleus

39
Q

What are the mammillary bodies responsible for?

A

Limbic system

40
Q

Which nucleus controls the limbic system?

A

Mammillary bodies

41
Q

What is the anterior hypothalamic zone responsible for?

A

Senses elevation of body temperature

It is responsible for cooling the body down and activates those processes that favor heat loss, including vasodilatation of cutaneous blood vessels, sweating (evaporation of water for cooling), and panting.

42
Q

Which nucleus senses elevation of body temperature?

A

Anterior Hypothalamic Zone

43
Q

What is the posterior hypothalamic zone responsible for?

A

Senses decrease of body temperature

It is responsible for heating the body and triggers activities concerned with heat production and heat conservation. These include the metabolic heat-producing systems (thermogenesis by the oxidation of glucose), vasoconstriction (especially of cutaneous blood vessels), erection of hair (goose pimples), and shivering.

44
Q

Which nucleus senses decrease of body temperature?

A

Posterior Hypothalamic Zone

45
Q

What is the lateral hypothalamic zone responsible for?

A

Hunger; feeding center

46
Q

Which nucleus is responsible for hunger?

A

Lateral Hypothalamic Zone

47
Q

What can destruction of the “heat-dissipating region” do to the body?

A

Cause hyperthermia

48
Q

What can the malfunctioning for the heating center produce?

A

A cold-blooded mammal that cannot sustain a uniform body temperature.

Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (8 decks)

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