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COM - Neuro Test 3 > Spinal Cord Morphology and Lesions - 4/21 Stephens > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Morphology and Lesions - 4/21 Stephens Flashcards

1
Q

What structure may be compromised secondary to Thoracolumbar fracture or surgical repair of AAA?

Major supply to what?

A

Anterior artery of Adamkiewicz

Inferior 2/3 of the spinal cord

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2
Q

Which areas of the spinal cord are most vulnerable to ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord?

A

C2-3, T1-4, L1

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3
Q

Disruption of blood flow to what results in central cord syndrome?

A

Anterior spinal artery

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4
Q

What arteries supply the peripheral margins of the cord?

A

Posterior spinal arteries (2)

Radicular arteries

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5
Q

Gamma motor neurons are directly influenced by what tracts?

Output from the gamma motor neuron innervates what?

A

RF (reticulospinal)
Rubrospinal
Corticospinal

Intrafusal muscle fibers

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6
Q

Alpha and gamma neurons are what?

A

LMN

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7
Q

Location of SG?

Fx?

Sends fibers to?

A

Posterolateral tip of dorsal horn at all spinal levels

Pain/temp

LSTT

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8
Q

Location of NP?

Fx?

Sends fibers to?

A

Mid-portion of dorsal horn

Pain/temp

FP

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9
Q

Location of Nucleus Dorsalis?

Fx?

Sends fibers to?

A

Dorsal horn C8-L2

Unconscious proprio pathway

DSCT

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10
Q

Location of VAN?

Fx?

Sends fibers to?

A

T1-L2 and S2,3,4

Visceral sensory integration and reflex center

Intermediolateral gray, ventral horn, hypothalamus via RF

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11
Q

Location of IG?

Fx?

Sends fibers to?

A

Between dorsal and ventral horns at all spinal levels

Sensorimotor integration center

Ventral horn

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12
Q

The Medial Motor Cell Column is located where?

Innervates what?

A

Medial parts of ventral horn, all levels

Axial musculature

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13
Q

The Lateral Motor Cell Column is located where?

Innervates what?

A

Lateral part of ventral horn in the regions of the cervical and lumbosacral enlargements

Muscles of the extremities

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14
Q

Phrenic Nucleus is located where?

Innervates what?

A

C3-5, subdivision of the MMCC

Respiratory diaphragm

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15
Q

Spinal Accessory Nucleus is located where?

Innervates what?

A

C1-6, continuous with the nucleus Ambiguus in the medulla

SCM, traps

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16
Q

Intermediolateral Nucleus is located where?

Innervates what?

A

Lateral horn T1-L2

PRE-gang Symp fibers to visceral structures

17
Q

SAN Nucleus is located where?

Innervates what?

A

Lateral horn S2-4

PRE-gang PS fibers to bowel and bladder

18
Q

Sensory Dermatome spinal cord segment:

little finger, elbow?

Nipple?

Inguinal region?

A

T1

T4

L1

19
Q

Sensory Dermatome spinal cord segment:

Thumb

Big Toe

Little toe

Perianal region

A

C5

L5

S1

S5

20
Q

Motor Dermatome Reflexes spinal cord segment:

Brachialis

Triceps

Muscle of the hand

Gastroc m.

A

C6-7

C6-8

C8-T1

L5-S2

21
Q

Motor Dermatome Reflexes spinal cord segment:

Quadriceps Femoris

Scapular

Abdominal

A

L2-4

C5-T1

T8-12

22
Q

Motor Dermatome Reflexes spinal cord segment:

Epigastric

Cremasteric

Superficial Anal

A

T7-9

L1-2

S4-Co1

23
Q

What important structure is located at the level of L1?

A

Conus medullaris

24
Q

Spinal Cord Injury C1-4 results in what?

A

Disruption of phrenic nucleus and respiratory depression or arrest

25
Q

Spinal cord injury above T1 results in what?

A

Horner’s syndrome if lesions to the reticulospinal fibers descending to the intermediolateral cell column at T1

26
Q

Spinal cord injury above T2 results in what?

A

Sweating and vasomotor disturbances of the body

27
Q

Rocking horse type of respiration is due to what injury?

A

C5-T6

28
Q

Incontinence is due to a lesion where?

Results in what?

A

S3-5

Flaccid anal sphincter tone w/bowel incontinence

29
Q

Lesions above where result in reflex bladder?

A

S2

30
Q

Brown-Sequard Syndrome results from what?

A

Unilateral transverse lesion or hemisection of the spinal cord due to a knife or bullet wound, or to a meningioma

31
Q

What characterizes Brown-Sequard Syndrome?

A

Ipsilateral loss of proprioception and vibratory sensations from the body below level of lesion - bc of post column

Ipsilateral spastic paralysis below lesion bc destruction of descending motor tracts

Contralateral loss of pain/temp from the body 2 segments below lesion due to destruction of LSTT

32
Q

Macrocytic anemia causes what?

How can Macrocytic anemia result?

A

Degeneration of the posterior columns and pyramidal tracts and polyneuropathy

Atrophy of mucosal lining w/out intrinsic factor, therefore no absorption of vitamin B12

33
Q

Signs of Subacute combined degeneration?

A

Numbness and tingling in fingers and toes (glove and stocking)

Bilateral loss of prop/vibratory sensation

UMN signs - Babinski, hyperreflexia, spastic paralysis

COM - Neuro Test 3 (17 decks)

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